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Palladium N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes: Synthesis from Benzimidazolium Salts and Catalytic Activity in Carbon-carbon Bond-forming Reactions
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Bis{[2,2'-(5,8,11-tri-thia-2,14-di-aza-penta-deca-1,14-diene-1,15-di-yl)diphenolato]palladium(II)} aceto-nitrile

Louise Nicole Dawe1, Bibhutosh Adhikary, Julie L Collins

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St John's, NL, A1B 3X7, Canada ; C-CART X-Ray Diffraction Lab, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St John's, NL, A1B 3X7, Canada.

Acta Crystallographica. Section E, Structure Reports Online
|September 19, 2013
PubMed

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One of the common methods to prepare nitriles is the dehydration of amides. This method requires strong dehydrating agents like phosphorous pentoxide or boiling acetic anhydride for converting amides to nitriles. Another reagent namely, thionyl chloride also accomplishes the dehydration of amides, where amide acts as a nucleophile. The first step of the mechanism involves the nucleophilic attack by the amide on the thionyl chloride to form an intermediate. In the next step, the electron pairs...
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The acidic strength of hydrocarbons follows the order: Alkynes > Alkenes > Alkanes. The strength of an acid is commonly expressed in units of pKa — the lower the pKa, the stronger the acid. Among the hydrocarbons, terminal alkynes have lower pKa values and are, therefore, more acidic. For example, the pKa values for ethane, ethene, and acetylene are 51, 44, and 25, respectively, as shown here.