Status of free radicals and antioxidants in leprosy patients

Oxidative stress is a condition associated with an increased rate of cellular damage induced by the oxygen derived oxidants commonly known as reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS are capable of damaging cellular constituents generated in excess during the chronic, inflammatory, neurodegenerative disease process of leprosy. Severe oxidative stress has been reported in leprosy patients because of malnutrition and poor immunity. The decreased levels of SOD, glutathione and total antioxidant status in leprosy patients may indicate a degradation of these antioxidant enzymes by free radicals during detoxification processes. The subjects for this study comprises of Normal human volunteers (NHV, n = 20) and treated MB patients (MB, n = 20). The levels of lipid peroxidation products are increased in MB Patients (*P < 0.001). SOD (**P < 0.0001) and glutathione levels (***P < 0.0001) decreased in MB Patients in comparision with normal human volunteers. The present study of estimation of antioxidants conclude that the free radical activity was increased and the total antioxidant status was decreased in all MB patients, indicating that there was an oxidative stress even after the treatment with MDT. The decreased levels of SOD, glutathione indicate a link between oxidative stress and leprosy. Since the MB patients are unable to produce sufficient amount of antioxidant to cope up with the increased oxidative stress in them. Providing nutritional supplementation may present a novel approach for fast recovery. Administration of exogenous antioxidants like vitamin C, tocopherols would prevent tissue damage and make the patient therapeutically benefited.