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During embryogenesis, cells become progressively committed to different fates through a two-step process: specification followed by determination. Specification is demonstrated by removing a segment of an early embryo, “neutrally” culturing the tissue in vitro—for example, in a petri dish with simple medium—and then observing the derivatives. If the cultured region gives rise to cell types that it would normally generate in the embryo, this means that it is specified. In contrast, determination...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 7, 2026

Dissection, Culture and Analysis of Primary Cranial Neural Crest Cells from Mouse for the Study of Neural Crest Cell Delamination and Migration

Dissection, Culture and Analysis of Primary Cranial Neural Crest Cells from Mouse for the Study of Neural Crest Cell Delamination and Migration

Published on: October 3, 2019

A complex association between derivatives from the neural crest. A case report.

M Filotico¹, O Potì, S Carluccio

¹Fondazione di Culto e Religione Cardinale G. Panico, A.O. Tricase, LE. mfilotico@libero.it

|September 20, 2013

Summary

This case study details a complex axillary soft tissue proliferation with neural crest elements, including hamartomas and neoplastic melanoma and malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNST). It highlights diagnostic challenges and evolutionary insights.

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Last Updated: May 7, 2026

Dissection, Culture and Analysis of Primary Cranial Neural Crest Cells from Mouse for the Study of Neural Crest Cell Delamination and Migration

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Published on: October 3, 2019

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Area of Science:

Oncology
Developmental Biology
Pathology

Background:

Neural crest cells contribute to diverse cell types, and their dysregulation can lead to complex pathologies.
Soft tissue tumors in the axilla present diagnostic challenges due to anatomical complexity and varied cell origins.

Observation:

A rare case of axillary soft tissue proliferation involving neural crest-derived elements was observed.
The proliferation exhibited both hamartomatous features (cafe-au-lait spots, nevoid cells) and neoplastic components (melanoma, malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor - MPNST).
Melanoma cells within the proliferation expressed neuroendocrine markers.

Findings:

The complex proliferation demonstrated a mixed phenotype, integrating benign and malignant neoplastic elements.
The co-occurrence of melanoma and MPNST, both of neural crest origin, within the same lesion is noteworthy.
Expression of neuroendocrine markers in melanoma cells adds another layer to the observed cellular heterogeneity.

Implications:

Understanding such complex proliferations is crucial for accurate diagnosis and effective treatment strategies.
This case provides insights into the potential plasticity and differentiation pathways of neural crest-derived cells.
The study underscores the importance of considering a broad differential diagnosis for axillary soft tissue masses.