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Related Concept Videos

Gyroscope01:02

Gyroscope

A gyroscope is defined as a spinning disk in which the axis of rotation is free to assume any orientation. When spinning, the orientation of the spin axis is unaffected by the orientation of the body that encloses it. The body or vehicle enclosing the gyroscope can be moved from place to place, while the orientation of the spin axis remains the same. This makes gyroscopes very useful in navigation, especially where magnetic compasses cannot be used, such as in crewed and crewless spacecraft,...
Gyroscope: Precession01:24

Gyroscope: Precession

Precession can be demonstrated effectively through a spinning top. If a spinning top is placed on a flat surface near the surface of the Earth at a vertical angle and is not spinning, it will fall over due to the force of gravity producing a torque acting on its center of mass. However, if the top is spinning on its axis, it precesses about the vertical direction, rather than topple over due to this torque. Precessional motion is a combination of a steady circular motion of the axis and the...
Atomic Force Microscopy01:08

Atomic Force Microscopy

Atomic force microscopy (AFM) is a type of scanning probe microscopy that can analyze topographic details of various specimens like ceramics, glass, polymers, and biological samples. AFM offers over 1000 times more resolution than the optical imaging system. Images generated from AFM are three-dimensional surface profiles, offering an advantage over the flat, two-dimensional images from other imaging techniques.
The AFM Probe
The probe is regarded as the heart of any AFM setup and comprises the...
Galvanometer01:24

Galvanometer

Common devices, including car instrument panels, battery chargers, and inexpensive electrical instruments, measure potential difference (voltage), current, or resistance using a d'Arsonval galvanometer. This electromechanical instrument is also known as a moving coil galvanometer.
The galvanometer consists of  two concave-shaped permanent magnets, providing a uniform radial magnetic field in the annular region. In the center, a pivoted coil of fine copper wire is placed in the uniform magnetic...
Torsional Pendulum01:09

Torsional Pendulum

A torsional pendulum involves the oscillation of a rigid body in which the restoring force is provided by the torsion in the string from which the rigid body is suspended. Ideally, the string should be massless; practically, its mass is much smaller than the rigid body's mass and is neglected.
As long as the rigid body's angular displacement is small, its oscillation can be modeled as a linear angular oscillation. The amplitude of the oscillation is an angle. The role of mass is played by the...
Azimuths and Bearings01:19

Azimuths and Bearings

Azimuths and bearings are essential concepts in surveying, providing methods to express the direction of a line relative to a meridian. Azimuths refer to the clockwise angle measured from the north end of a reference meridian to the given line, ranging from zero to 360 degrees. This method gives a comprehensive directional reference within a full 360-degree circle, making it a straightforward way to communicate direction in various fields, including navigation, cartography, and...

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Updated: May 7, 2026

Measurement of Extracellular Ion Fluxes Using the Ion-selective Self-referencing Microelectrode Technique
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A multi-fork z-axis quartz micromachined gyroscope.

Lihui Feng1, Ke Zhao, Yunan Sun

  • 1School of Optoelectronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China. lihui.feng@bit.edu.cn.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|September 20, 2013
PubMed
Summary

A novel multi-fork z-axis gyroscope simplifies fabrication and enhances sensitivity. This new design offers high performance for inertial sensing applications.

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Area of Science:

  • MEMS Technology
  • Inertial Sensors
  • Microfabrication

Background:

  • Traditional quartz gyroscopes face fabrication complexities.
  • There is a need for more sensitive and easily manufactured gyroscope designs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce a novel multi-fork z-axis gyroscope.
  • To demonstrate simplified fabrication and high sensitivity through a unique design.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized finite element method (FEM) for modal and sensitivity simulations.
  • Fabricated a quartz fork gyroscope and assembled a prototype.
  • Conducted impedance testing and scale factor measurements.

Main Results:

  • Achieved similar drive and sense frequencies to simulations.
  • Measured a high quality factor of approximately 10,000 in air.
  • Determined a scale factor of 18.134 mV/(°/s) with 0.40% nonlinearity.

Conclusions:

  • The multi-fork z-axis gyroscope design simplifies fabrication.
  • The design achieves high sensitivity and performance metrics.
  • This novel gyroscope shows promise for advanced inertial sensing.