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Published on: July 27, 2018
Draft genome sequence of the mulberry tree Morus notabilis
Ningjia He1, Chi Zhang, Xiwu Qi
1State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
Nature Communications
|September 20, 2013
Summary
Researchers sequenced the mulberry genome, revealing genes that evolve rapidly and may influence plant-insect interactions. This study aids in developing improved mulberry varieties for agriculture.
Area of Science:
- Genomics
- Plant Biology
- Evolutionary Biology
Background:
- The interaction between mulberry (Morus spp.) and silkworms has historical significance, driving global trade via the Silk Road.
- Understanding the genetic basis of this interaction is crucial for agricultural advancements.
Purpose of the Study:
- To present the genome sequence of the mulberry species Morus notabilis.
- To identify genes and genomic features relevant to mulberry's evolution and its interaction with silkworms.
Main Methods:
- Genome sequencing and assembly of Morus notabilis.
- Identification and analysis of repetitive sequences and protein-coding genes.
- Transcriptome sequencing to support gene annotation.
- Comparative genomic analysis with other Rosales species.
- Bioinformatic analysis of microRNAs (miRNAs) and genes under diversifying selection.
Main Results:
- A 330-Mb mulberry genome assembly containing 29,338 genes was generated, with 60.8% supported by transcriptome data.
- Mulberry genes exhibit approximately 3x faster evolution compared to other Rosales, potentially explaining its widespread distribution.
- The study identified a lack of ancient genome duplications but evidence of neopolyploidy, suggesting ongoing genome evolution.
- Five mulberry microRNAs were detected in silkworm hemolymph and silk glands, indicating molecular-level plant-herbivore interactions.
- Genes related to diversifying selection, resistance, and protease inhibitors in laticifers were identified.
Conclusions:
- The Morus notabilis genome provides a valuable resource for understanding mulberry evolution and its relationship with silkworms.
- Rapid gene evolution and potential neopolyploidy in mulberry may contribute to its adaptability and success.
- The discovery of mulberry miRNAs in silkworms highlights complex molecular interactions in this plant-herbivore system.
- Identifying key genes will facilitate marker-assisted breeding for improved mulberry plant traits, such as disease resistance and yield.
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