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Human infections with new subspecies of Campylobacter fetus

Mary E Patrick, Maarten J Gilbert, Martin J Blaser

    Emerging Infectious Diseases
    |September 21, 2013
    PubMed

    Insights

    A new bacterium, Campylobacter fetus subsp. testudinum, linked to reptiles, has been identified. Epidemiologic data show infections in 9 men, primarily of Asian origin, possibly from reptile or Asian food exposure.

    Area of Science:

    • Microbiology
    • Infectious Diseases
    • Epidemiology

    Background:

    • Campylobacter fetus is a known human pathogen.
    • A novel subspecies, Campylobacter fetus subsp. testudinum, has been proposed, exhibiting markers suggesting reptile origins.
    • Understanding the epidemiology of this new subspecies is crucial for public health.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To summarize the available epidemiologic information for human infections caused by Campylobacter fetus subsp. testudinum.
    • To identify potential risk factors and demographic characteristics associated with these infections.

    Main Methods:

    • Review and summarization of epidemiologic data from reported human cases.
    • Analysis of demographic information (gender, origin) and potential exposure sources.

    Main Results:

    • Nine human cases of Campylobacter fetus subsp. testudinum infection were identified.
    • All infected individuals were male.
    • The majority of cases were of Asian origin.
    • Potential links to exposure to Asian foods or reptiles were noted.

    Conclusions:

    • Campylobacter fetus subsp. testudinum is an emerging pathogen with a potential link to reptiles.
    • Infections appear to predominantly affect men of Asian descent.
    • Further investigation into the transmission routes, including foodborne and zoonotic pathways, is warranted.
    Keywords:
    C. fetus subsp. fetusC. fetus subsp. testudinum subsp. nov.C. fetus subsp. venerealisCampylobacter fetusbacteriaepidemiologyfoodborne infectionshuman infectionsreptiles

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