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Providing Visual Biofeedback Using Brightness Mode Ultrasound During a Golf Swing
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Published on: August 25, 2022

Perceived distance during golf putting.

Yumiko Hasegawa1, Satoshi Koyama, Kimihiro Inomata

  • 1Graduate School of Health & Sport Science, Chukyo University, 101 Tokodachi, Kaizu-cho, Toyota, Aichi 470-0393, Japan.

Human Movement Science
|September 21, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Anxiety impacts golf putting performance, especially at shorter distances. High-anxiety golfers showed altered movement patterns, suggesting anxiety distorts distance perception during putting.

Keywords:
23302340Anxiety levelPressurePutting distanceSafety marginSpeed-accuracy trade-off

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Area of Science:

  • Sports Science
  • Motor Control
  • Psychology

Background:

  • Anxiety states can significantly influence motor performance, particularly in tasks demanding high precision.
  • Golf putting requires accurate distance judgment and controlled movement, making it susceptible to anxiety effects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how anxiety states affect the relationship between golf-putting distance and performance.
  • To analyze kinematic changes in golfers under pressure and their correlation with anxiety levels.

Main Methods:

  • Twenty-three amateur golfers performed putts at 1.25m, 1.50m, and 1.75m under pressure (audience, monetary reward) and control conditions.
  • Kinematic features of putting strokes were recorded and analyzed.
  • Participants completed the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI Y-1), and heart rate was monitored.

Main Results:

  • Under pressure, anxiety scores (STAI Y-1) increased by 14 points and heart rate by 11 bpm.
  • High-anxiety golfers exhibited a shortened backswing, decreased downswing speed, and altered relative time to peak club-head velocity at 1.25m.
  • Low-anxiety golfers showed no change in backswing or relative time, but increased impact velocity at 1.25m.

Conclusions:

  • Anxiety related to failure affects motor control in golf putting, particularly at shorter distances (1.25m).
  • The interaction between putting distance and anxiety may lead to a distortion in perceived distance, impacting performance.