Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 7, 2026
A Simple Approach to Induce Experimental Autoimmune Neuritis in C57BL/6 Mice for Functional and Neuropathological Assessments
Published on: November 9, 2017
Guillain-Barré in a 10-month-old: diagnostic challenges in a pediatric emergency
Kseniya Orlik1, Gregory D Griffin2
1Emergency Department, Akron General Medical Center, Akron, OH 44307, USA.
Insights
Guillain-Barré syndrome is a rare but serious condition that can cause rapid weakness in infants. Early recognition and pediatric intensive care are crucial for successful treatment.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Pediatrics
- Immunology
Background:
- Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is an autoimmune disorder affecting the peripheral nervous system.
- Infections, such as Roseola, are common triggers for GBS, particularly in pediatric cases.
Observation:
- A 10-month-old infant presented with acute-onset weakness and regression of motor milestones.
- Initial misdiagnosis as strains and sprains delayed appropriate GBS diagnosis and treatment.
- The infant's symptoms progressed, necessitating emergency department re-evaluation and neurology admission.
Findings:
- Guillain-Barré syndrome was confirmed in the infant after comprehensive inpatient evaluation.
- The patient received successful treatment and was subsequently released.
- This case highlights the diagnostic challenges of GBS in young children.
Implications:
- Early recognition of GBS in pediatric patients presenting with progressive weakness is critical.
- Prompt pediatric intensive care involvement is essential for managing severe GBS manifestations like respiratory failure and autonomic instability.
- Healthcare providers must consider GBS in the differential diagnosis of young children with recent infections and neurological deficits.
Abstract:
A 10-month-old male infant presented to the emergency department (ED) with a chief complaint of weakness, decreased mobility, and regression of motor milestones over a period of 6 days. Significant medical history included a Roseola infection 5 weeks before ED presentation. The patient's pediatrician and chiropractor had both previously diagnosed the patient with strains and sprains. After progression of symptoms, the patient presented to the ED and was discharged home to follow up as an outpatient. The patient subsequently returned to the ED and was admitted to neurology with concern for Guillain-Barré syndrome, which was later confirmed after inpatient workup. The patient was successfully treated and released. Guillain-Barré represents a spectrum of acute immune mediated polyneuropathies. There are several variant forms provoked by infection that precedes the onset of symptoms. Diagnosis and management of Guillain-Barré in the ED will be reviewed, along with the importance of early pediatric intensive care involvement for children presenting with signs of flaccid quadriparesis; rapidly progressive weakness; impending respiratory failure; bulbar palsy; and, most importantly, autonomic cardiovascular instability. Guillain-Barré is rare in children younger than 2 years; however, it must be considered in the differential diagnosis of any patient who presents with progressive weakness and history of a recent infection. It is important to recognize the variety and severity of neurologic symptoms associated with Guillain-Barré across a spectrum, especially with the diagnostic difficulties associated with the pediatric population.
