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Related Concept Videos

Autoimmune Disorders01:29

Autoimmune Disorders

Autoimmune diseases are a group of disorders in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own cells, tissues, and organs. This results from an overactive immune response against substances and tissues normally present in the body. Let's delve into the concept and mechanism of autoimmune diseases from an immune system point of view, explore different causes and examples of such diseases, and discuss potential solutions.
Concept and Mechanism of Autoimmune Diseases
The immune system...
Role of Skin in Vitamin D Synthesis01:23

Role of Skin in Vitamin D Synthesis

The skin plays a crucial role in the synthesis of vitamin D, a vital nutrient for various physiological processes in the body. Vitamin D is unique because it can be synthesized in the skin through a series of chemical reactions triggered by exposure to ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation from sunlight.
The solar UV B rays (290-315 nm) are absorbed by the skin, and 7-dehydrocholesterol (provitamin D3) photolyzes it to previtamin D3, which undergoes a rapid transformation to vitamin D3(cholecalciferol).
Connective Tissue Cell Types01:22

Connective Tissue Cell Types

Connective tissue develops from the mesoderm of a developing embryo and consists of cells, fibers, and ground substance: a gel-like material containing large complexes of carbohydrates and proteins. Connective tissue was first identified as a separate tissue family in the 18th century, and Johannes Peter Muller coined the term connective tissue.
Fat cells (adipocytes), smooth muscle cells (myoblasts), and bone cells (osteoblasts) are some connective tissue cell types. Some immune system cells...
Type I Diabetes I: Introduction01:12

Type I Diabetes I: Introduction

Type 1 diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by an absolute deficiency of insulin resulting from the autoimmune destruction of pancreatic β-cells. Although it can occur at any age, it is most commonly diagnosed in childhood, adolescence, or early adulthood. The loss of insulin production impairs cellular glucose uptake, resulting in persistent hyperglycemia and necessitating lifelong insulin therapy.Autoimmune Destruction of β-CellsThe hallmark of type 1 diabetes is an...
Type I Diabetes II: Pathophysiology01:26

Type I Diabetes II: Pathophysiology

Type 1 diabetes mellitus arises from an immune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β-cells, resulting in an absolute deficiency of insulin. This process develops in genetically susceptible individuals when autoimmunity, environmental exposures, and immunologic dysregulation converge to trigger a targeted attack on the insulin-producing cells of the pancreas. The β-cells are located within the islets of Langerhans and are essential for regulating blood glucose by facilitating cellular uptake of...
Multiple Sclerosis l: Introduction01:19

Multiple Sclerosis l: Introduction

Multiple sclerosis is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that affects the brain, spinal cord, and optic nerves. It is an inflammatory demyelinating disorder and a leading cause of neurological disability in young adults.EpidemiologyMS commonly begins between 20 and 40 years of age and is twice as common in women. Its exact cause remains unclear, but genetic susceptibility contributes, with higher risk in first-degree relatives and identical twins. A greater...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 7, 2026

A Method of Trigonometric Modelling of Seasonal Variation Demonstrated with Multiple Sclerosis Relapse Data
10:46

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Published on: December 9, 2015

[Vitamin D and autoimmunity].

Yoland Schoindre1, Olivier Benveniste, Nathalie Costedoat-Chalumeau

  • 1Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, service de médecine interne 1, 47-83, boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75013 Paris, France.

Presse Medicale (Paris, France : 1983)
|September 21, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Vitamin D plays a role in immune tolerance and may help prevent autoimmune diseases. However, more rigorous clinical trials are needed to confirm the link between vitamin D deficiency and disease activity.

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Last Updated: May 7, 2026

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Published on: December 9, 2015

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Endocrinology

Context:

  • Vitamin D is crucial for maintaining immune system balance and tolerance.
  • Vitamin D deficiency is increasingly recognized as a potential environmental factor contributing to autoimmune conditions.

Purpose:

  • To explore the multifaceted role of vitamin D in immune regulation.
  • To evaluate the evidence linking vitamin D deficiency to autoimmune disease risk and activity.

Summary:

  • Basic, genetic, and epidemiological research suggests vitamin D's involvement in preventing and treating autoimmune diseases.
  • Current epidemiological studies are largely cross-sectional, limiting definitive conclusions on causality.
  • Further randomized controlled trials are essential to establish a direct relationship.

Impact:

  • Highlights the need for robust clinical trials to validate vitamin D's therapeutic potential in autoimmune disorders.
  • Informs future research directions focusing on the clinical application of vitamin D supplementation.