Abnormal genital bleeding and secondary amenorrhea. Common gynecological problems

Abnormal genital bleeding and secondary amenorrhea (cessation of menses) are common gynecologic complaints that can indicate serious physical problems. Abnormal genital bleeding is the most common reason for a gynecological office visit and a leading indication for dilatation of the cervix and curettage of the uterus. One of four women with abnormal genital bleeding may have serious physical problems. Although pregnancy is the most common cause of secondary amenorrhea, other conditions related to abnormal pregnancy, functional disorders, physiological changes, or pathology also must be considered. Procedures for evaluating abnormal genital bleeding and secondary amenorrhea are discussed. Information is provided to assist nurses in collecting and assessing data and planning interventions to promote the health of women with these common problems.