Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Cerebral Edema ll: Pathophysiology01:22

Cerebral Edema ll: Pathophysiology

Vasogenic edema is a major form of cerebral edema characterized by abnormal accumulation of fluid in the brain’s extracellular space due to disruption of the blood–brain barrier (BBB). The BBB is a specialized structure composed of endothelial cells connected by tight junctions, supported by astrocytic endfeet and a basement membrane. Under normal conditions, it tightly regulates the movement of ions, proteins, and solutes between the bloodstream and brain parenchyma. When this barrier loses...
Urodynamic Studies: Uroflowmetry01:19

Urodynamic Studies: Uroflowmetry

Uroflowmetry is a non-invasive urodynamic test designed to measure various aspects of urination, including volume, flow rate, and the time to void. This test is crucial for diagnosing and assessing conditions such as bladder outlet obstruction, bladder dysfunction, incomplete bladder emptying, incontinence, and urinary tract blockages caused by benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and urethral strictures.Pre-Test Instructions:Before a uroflowmetry test, patients are typically advised to drink...
Imaging Studies VI: Voiding Cystourethrography and Cystography01:22

Imaging Studies VI: Voiding Cystourethrography and Cystography

Voiding Cystourethrography (VCUG) and Cystography are specialized radiographic procedures used to examine the structure and function of the bladder and urethra.Voiding Cystourethrography (VCUG)A Voiding Cystourethrogram (VCUG) is a diagnostic imaging procedure that assesses the anatomy and function of the lower urinary tract. It focuses on the bladder, bladder neck, and urethra, helping detect abnormalities such as vesicoureteral reflux (VUR)—the backward or reverse flow of urine into the...
Transient Ischemic Attack l: Introduction01:26

Transient Ischemic Attack l: Introduction

A transient ischemic attack (TIA) is a brief episode of neurological dysfunction caused by a temporary, focal reduction in cerebral blood flow. Although symptoms resemble those of an ischemic stroke, the interruption in perfusion is short-lived and does not cause permanent infarction. TIAs are clinically important because they often serve as early warning events for future stroke.Mechanisms of Transient Cerebral IschemiaTransient cerebral ischemia may arise through several mechanisms. One...
Ischemic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology01:15

Ischemic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology

An ischemic stroke occurs when a cerebral blood vessel becomes obstructed, most often by a thrombus or embolus, interrupting the delivery of oxygen and glucose to brain tissue. Because neurons rely on continuous aerobic metabolism, energy failure begins within minutes of reduced perfusion. The region receiving the least blood flow becomes the infarct core, an area of irreversible cellular death. Surrounding this core lies the penumbra, a zone of hypoperfused but still viable tissue that is...
Hemorrhagic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology01:29

Hemorrhagic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology

A hemorrhagic stroke develops when a cerebral blood vessel ruptures, allowing blood to escape into the surrounding brain tissue, as in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), or into the subarachnoid space, as in subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Because the skull is a rigid compartment, the sudden presence of extravascular blood rapidly increases intracranial pressure and compresses adjacent neural structures, leading to immediate tissue injury and impaired cerebral perfusion.Mass Effect and Primary...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

<i>APOE</i> Genotype Modifies the Predictive Performance of Plasma Biomarkers for Amyloid Plaque Burden in Subjective Cognitive Decline.

Journal of Korean medical science·2026
Same author

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation-induced severe hypotension in a patient with Parkinson's disease: a case report.

Acta neurologica Belgica·2026
Same author

Different Long-Term Outcomes According to Thrombus Histology in Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke.

Journal of stroke·2026
Same author

Impact of Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Levels on Atherosclerotic Vascular Changes: Analysis of Korean Treat Stroke to Target Trial.

Journal of stroke·2026
Same author

Intensive Versus Conventional Blood Pressure Lowering After Successful Endovascular Thrombectomy: OPTIMAL-BP 1-Year Outcomes.

Stroke·2026
Same author

Association of glomerular hyperfiltration with mortality in stroke: an analysis using pooled individual patient data.

European stroke journal·2026
Same journal

Combined Olfactory Testing and Substantia Nigra Hyperechogenicity for Diagnostic Differentiation of Parkinson's Disease.

European neurology·2026
Same journal

The Role of Stroke Severity in the Association between Hypoperfusion Intensity Ratio and Futile Reperfusion after Endovascular Treatment.

European neurology·2026
Same journal

The Parkinsonism of Salvador Dalí.

European neurology·2026
Same journal

Disorders of Arousal and Sleep-Related Hypermotor Epilepsy in Adults: A Challenging but Necessary and Critical Distinctive Diagnosis.

European neurology·2026
Same journal

Sex-Specific Phenotypic Characteristics in Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Comprehensive Analysis of Anthropometric, Hematological, and Metabolic Profiles Stratified by Disease Severity.

European neurology·2026
Same journal

Historical and Clinical Analysis of a Case of Progressive Muscular Atrophy (1853-1871).

European neurology·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 7, 2026

Establishment of Acute Pontine Infarction in Rats by Electrical Stimulation
05:02

Establishment of Acute Pontine Infarction in Rats by Electrical Stimulation

Published on: August 27, 2020

Pattern of voiding dysfunction after acute brainstem infarction.

Kyu Sun Yum1, Sang-Jun Na, Kyung-Yul Lee

  • 1Department of Neurology, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.

European Neurology
|September 21, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Brainstem lesions from stroke cause voiding dysfunction. Pontine lesions are linked to bladder storage issues, while medullary lesions are more likely to cause bladder emptying problems.

More Related Videos

Detrusor Underactivity Model in Rats by Conus Medullaris Transection
03:26

Detrusor Underactivity Model in Rats by Conus Medullaris Transection

Published on: August 28, 2020

Circumscribed Capsular Infarct Modeling Using a Photothrombotic Technique
08:25

Circumscribed Capsular Infarct Modeling Using a Photothrombotic Technique

Published on: June 2, 2016

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 7, 2026

Establishment of Acute Pontine Infarction in Rats by Electrical Stimulation
05:02

Establishment of Acute Pontine Infarction in Rats by Electrical Stimulation

Published on: August 27, 2020

Detrusor Underactivity Model in Rats by Conus Medullaris Transection
03:26

Detrusor Underactivity Model in Rats by Conus Medullaris Transection

Published on: August 28, 2020

Circumscribed Capsular Infarct Modeling Using a Photothrombotic Technique
08:25

Circumscribed Capsular Infarct Modeling Using a Photothrombotic Technique

Published on: June 2, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Urology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Voiding dysfunction is a common complication following stroke.
  • Brainstem lesions are known to affect lower urinary tract function.
  • Understanding lesion location is crucial for predicting voiding patterns.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare voiding dysfunction patterns based on brainstem lesion location.
  • To investigate the relationship between pontine and medullary lesions and urodynamic findings.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 30 stroke patients (aged 41-82) underwent urodynamic studies within 7 days of stroke onset.
  • Patients were categorized based on lesion location: pons (n=21) or medulla (n=9).
  • Voiding dysfunction was assessed using urodynamic parameters.

Main Results:

  • Pontine lesions were associated with a higher incidence of bladder storage disorders (61.9%).
  • Medullary lesions were more frequently linked to bladder emptying disorders (55.6%).
  • Overall, 46.7% of patients had storage issues, 23.3% had emptying issues, and 30% had normal function.

Conclusions:

  • Pontine lesions may disrupt inhibitory descending pathways from the midbrain.
  • Medullary lesions could affect stimulatory descending pathways from the pons.
  • Lesion location in the brainstem significantly influences the type of voiding dysfunction observed post-stroke.