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Changes and determinants in under-five mortality rate in Turkey since 1988
S Songül Yalçin1, Başak Tezel, Mehmet Rifat Köse
1Unit of Social Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey. siyalcin@hacettepe.edu.tr
Central European Journal of Public Health
|September 24, 2013
Summary
Turkey significantly reduced child mortality, surpassing the Millennium Development Goal 4 (MDG4). Key interventions improved survival rates, but socioeconomic factors still impact child survival.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Pediatrics
- Demography
Background:
- Child survival is a critical global health indicator, central to the fourth Millennium Development Goal (MDG4).
- Turkey has demonstrated significant progress in reducing under-five mortality rates (U5MR) between 1988 and 2010.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the levels, trends, and differentials in Under-Five Mortality Rate (U5MR) in Turkey from 1988 to 2010.
- To summarize national child survival programs and their impact on U5MR.
- To identify factors influencing child survival and recommend strategies for further improvement.
Main Methods:
- Descriptive analysis of U5MR levels, trends, and differentials using national data from 1988-2010.
- Review and summary of implemented state programs focused on child survival.
- Identification of demographic and socioeconomic determinants of child mortality.
Main Results:
- Turkey surpassed MDG4, achieving a U5MR of 13 deaths per 1,000 live births by 2010, a reduction of over two-thirds.
- Negative determinants of child survival included low birth weight, high birth order, short birth intervals, rural residence, low maternal education, and low socioeconomic status.
- Successful interventions included expanded free vaccination programs, improved disease screening and prevention, promotion of breastfeeding, emergency obstetric care, and neonatal intensive care.
Conclusions:
- Turkey's comprehensive child survival strategies have led to substantial reductions in U5MR, exceeding international targets.
- Addressing socioeconomic disparities and ensuring equitable access to the Continuum of Care for mothers and infants are crucial for sustained progress.
- Continued implementation of targeted state and region-specific action plans is necessary to further enhance child survival outcomes.
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