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Microbial eukaryote globins.

Serge N Vinogradov1, Xavier Bailly, David R Smith

  • 1Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA.

Advances in Microbial Physiology
|September 24, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study surveyed protist and fungal globins, finding diverse families but notable absences in some pathogens. Fungi uniquely host flavohaemoglobins alongside sensor single-domain globins, suggesting distinct evolutionary paths.

Keywords:
EvolutionFungiHaemoglobinPhylogenyProtist

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Area of Science:

  • * Genomics and Bioinformatics
  • * Evolutionary Biology
  • * Molecular Biology

Background:

  • * Globins are heme proteins involved in oxygen transport and sensing.
  • * Previous studies have focused on bacterial and animal globin diversity.
  • * The evolutionary history and distribution of globins in protists and fungi remain largely unexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • * To conduct a comprehensive bioinformatics survey of globin diversity in protists and fungi.
  • * To identify and characterize different globin subfamilies and their evolutionary relationships.
  • * To investigate the presence and distribution of globins in pathogenic and non-pathogenic species.

Main Methods:

  • * Bioinformatics analysis of approximately 120 protist and 240 fungal genomes and transcriptomes.
  • * Identification and classification of globin sequences into known subfamilies.
  • * Bayesian molecular analyses to infer evolutionary relationships.

Main Results:

  • * A broad array of globins was identified, representing five of eight bacterial globin subfamilies.
  • * Protoglobins and globin-coupled sensors were largely absent, except in Leishmania.
  • * Flavohaemoglobins (FHbs) and single-domain globins (SSDgbs) are widespread in protists; fungi uniquely co-occur FHbs with SSDgbs.
  • * Truncated Mb-fold globins (TrHb1s) are widespread, particularly in chlorophytes and ciliates.
  • * Molecular analyses suggest close relationships between chlorophyte/haptophyte globins and plant/vertebrate globins.

Conclusions:

  • * Protists and fungi exhibit a diverse globin repertoire with unique evolutionary patterns compared to bacteria.
  • * The distribution of globins varies significantly across different protist lineages, with some pathogenic groups lacking them.
  • * Fungi possess a unique combination of FHbs and SSDgbs, highlighting their specialized adaptations.
  • * Further research with more complete genome data is needed for a definitive globin census in protists.