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Tooth Anatomy

Tooth Anatomy

The human tooth enables us to eat a variety of foods, speak clearly, and even aid in shaping our faces. Teeth are composed of various elements that work together. Here's a detailed look at the anatomy of a human tooth.
The Crown, Neck, and Root
The visible part of the tooth is referred to as the crown. It's covered by enamel, the hardest substance in the human body. The crown is uniquely shaped for each type of tooth, allowing for different functions such as cutting, tearing, or grinding food.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 7, 2026

Primary Culture of Dental Pulp Stem Cells

Primary Culture of Dental Pulp Stem Cells

Published on: May 5, 2023

Dental pulp tissue engineering in full-length human root canals.

V Rosa¹, Z Zhang, R H M Grande

¹Oral Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore.

Journal of Dental Research

|September 24, 2013

Summary

Stem cells from exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) can regenerate functional dental pulp within root canals. This injectable stem cell therapy shows promise for regenerating dentin and pulp in immature teeth.

Keywords:

biocompatible materials dentinogenesis neovascularization odontoblasts stem cells tissue scaffolds

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Last Updated: May 7, 2026

Primary Culture of Dental Pulp Stem Cells

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Published on: May 5, 2023

Isolation, Characterization and Comparative Differentiation of Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells Derived from Permanent Teeth by Using Two Different Methods

Isolation, Characterization and Comparative Differentiation of Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells Derived from Permanent Teeth by Using Two Different Methods

Published on: November 24, 2012

Isolation, Culture, and Characterization of Dental Pulp Stem Cells from Human Deciduous and Permanent Teeth

Isolation, Culture, and Characterization of Dental Pulp Stem Cells from Human Deciduous and Permanent Teeth

Published on: May 17, 2024

Area of Science:

Biomaterials Science
Regenerative Medicine
Dental Research

Background:

Clinical translation of stem-cell-based dental pulp regeneration requires injectable scaffolds.
Stem cells from exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) are a potential source for pulp regeneration.

Purpose of the Study:

To test if SHED can generate functional dental pulp when injected into full-length root canals.
To evaluate the potential of SHED-based scaffolds for dentin and pulp regeneration in vitro and in vivo.

Main Methods:

SHED were mixed with Puramatrix™ or recombinant human Collagen type I (rhCollagen) scaffolds.
Scaffold-SHED constructs were injected into root canals of human premolars in vitro.
Constructs were implanted subcutaneously into immunodeficient mice to assess tissue formation.

Main Results:

SHED survived and expressed odontoblastic differentiation markers within 7-14 days in scaffolds.
Pulp-like tissues with odontoblasts generating new tubular dentin were observed throughout the root canals.
Engineered pulp tissue showed comparable cellularity and vascularization to control human dental pulps.

Conclusions:

SHED injected into root canals differentiate into functional odontoblasts.
Injectable SHED-scaffold strategies can regenerate pulp-like tissue and dentin.
This approach may facilitate root formation completion in necrotic immature permanent teeth.