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Related Concept Videos

Introduction to Nuclear Reprogramming01:14

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Nuclear reprogramming is the process of switching gene expression of one cell type to that of another cell type, usually from a differentiated cell state to an undifferentiated cell state. Differentiation occurs during processes such as development and morphogenesis, tissue regeneration, and malignancy. Cells can also be artificially induced to reprogram their gene expression by techniques such as nuclear transfer, induced pluripotency, and cell fusion. Such techniques have many applications in...
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Reprogramming alters the gene expression in somatic cells, transforming them into induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells over several generations. Scientists can reprogram cells by introducing genes for four transcription factors—Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc (OSKM) by viral or non-viral methods. These factors are also known as Yamanaka factors after Shinya Yamanaka, who first generated iPS cells using mouse skin cells. Yamanaka was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2012...
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Nuclear reprogramming is a process of transforming one cell type into an unrelated cell type by epigenetic changes that alter the cell’s original gene expression pattern. Such epigenetic changes force cells to express a different set of genes, which play a significant role in inducing transformation into other cell types. Nuclear reprogramming offers applications in reproductive cloning for livestock propagation and regenerative medicine — developing patient-specific cells for...
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Combining small molecules for cell reprogramming through an interatomic analysis.

Bruno César Feltes1, Diego Bonatto

  • 1Centro de Biotecnologia da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Departamento de Biologia Molecular e Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Avenida Bento Gonçalves 9500 - Prédio 43421 - Sala 219, Porto Alegre, Caixa Postal 15005, RS - Brazil. diegobonatto@gmail.com.

Molecular Biosystems
|September 24, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Small molecules offer controlled reprogramming for induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC). This study uses systems chemo-biology to identify optimal small molecule combinations and novel protein targets for enhanced iPSC generation.

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Area of Science:

  • Stem cell biology
  • Systems biology
  • Chemical biology

Background:

  • Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) generation has advanced with small molecule approaches.
  • Small molecules offer controllable reprogramming compared to genetic methods.
  • Current "reprogramming cocktails" yield variable results, necessitating optimized combinations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore small molecule combinations for efficient iPSC generation.
  • To apply systems chemo-biology for analyzing reprogramming networks.
  • To identify novel protein targets for improved stem cell reprogramming.

Main Methods:

  • Reviewing existing small molecules for iPSC generation.
  • Constructing protein-protein (PPI) and chemical-protein (CPI) interaction networks using systems chemo-biology tools.
  • Analyzing biological processes within PPI-CPI networks.
  • Performing interference analysis on potential protein targets.

Main Results:

  • Identification of novel protein targets for modulation in stem cell reprogramming.
  • Analysis of biological processes linked to PPI-CPI networks.
  • Potential targets identified that could negatively impact pluripotency factors (SOX2, NANOG, KLF4, OCT4).

Conclusions:

  • Systems chemo-biology provides a framework for optimizing small molecule reprogramming cocktails.
  • Novel protein targets can be identified to enhance induced pluripotent stem cell generation.
  • Interference analysis aids in refining reprogramming protocols for improved efficiency.