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Related Concept Videos

Esophageal Varices-II: Clinical Features and Management01:28

Esophageal Varices-II: Clinical Features and Management

Esophageal varices often manifest as gastrointestinal bleeding episodes, presenting symptoms like hematemesis (vomiting of blood), hematochezia (passing fresh blood via the rectum), and melena (black, tarry stools). Other signs can include weight loss, anorexia, abdominal discomfort, jaundice, pruritus, altered mental status, and muscle cramps.
In the initial assessment, a thorough review of the patient's medical history is vital to identify risk factors such as liver disease, alcohol abuse, or...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease IV: Clinical Manifestations01:20

Inflammatory Bowel Disease IV: Clinical Manifestations

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) encompasses two major chronic disorders—ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease—each characterized by relapsing episodes of gastrointestinal inflammation. Although they share certain clinical features, their patterns of involvement and manifestations differ in ways that aid diagnosis and guide management.Ulcerative ColitisUlcerative colitis is limited to the colon and rectum and involves continuous inflammation of the mucosal layer. The disease course is marked...
Esophageal Varices-I: Introduction01:24

Esophageal Varices-I: Introduction

Esophageal varices are dilated, tortuous veins which are found mainly in the submucosa of the lower esophagus but which may also appear higher up or extend into the stomach. They develop due to increased pressure in the portal venous system, often as a result of liver cirrhosis. This condition scars and damages the liver, impeding normal blood flow through the portal vein. To compensate, blood seeks alternative pathways, forming fragile new vessels (varices) in the esophagus and stomach. These...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis01:27

Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis

Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, or IBD, encompasses a group of disorders characterized by chronic inflammation or ulceration of the gastrointestinal tract.
Risk Factors
The exact cause of IBD remains unclear, although it is believed to be due to a mix of genetic, environmental, microbial, and immune factors. Genetic factors are significant in determining susceptibility to IBD, with family history being a critical risk factor. Individuals with a first-degree relative who has IBD are at...
Assessment of the Rectum and Anus01:25

Assessment of the Rectum and Anus

Evaluating the rectum and anus plays a crucial role in conducting a thorough physical examination of the gastrointestinal system. Although it may be uncomfortable and often embarrassing for the patient, it holds immense diagnostic value, particularly in detecting gastrointestinal diseases and abnormalities. This guide will explain how to perform this assessment using inspection and palpation methods.
Rectal Inspection
Begin by inspecting the perianal and anal areas for color, texture, rashes,...
Appendicitis01:19

Appendicitis

Appendicitis is an acute inflammatory condition of the vermiform appendix, most commonly caused by obstruction of its lumen. The appendix is a narrow, blind-ended pouch that extends from the cecum, making it particularly prone to obstruction. Causes include fecaliths, lymphoid hyperplasia (often after viral infections), parasites, tumors, or foreign bodies. This obstruction initiates a cascade of pathological changes.Luminal Obstruction and Early InflammationAfter obstruction, normal mucosal...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 7, 2026

Endoscopic Injection Sclerotherapy Assisted by Cyanoacrylate and Clips for Gastroesophageal Varices
04:09

Endoscopic Injection Sclerotherapy Assisted by Cyanoacrylate and Clips for Gastroesophageal Varices

Published on: June 13, 2025

Ascariasis presenting as massive gastrointestinal bleeding.

S C Huang1, C S Shieh

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Chang Guang Memorial Hospital 123, Ta-Pei Rd., Niao Sung Hsiang, Kaohsiung Hsien, Taiwan.

Pediatric Surgery International
|September 24, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Ascarid infection in a child caused severe gastrointestinal bleeding. Surgical removal of the roundworm revealed duodenal and jejunal mucosal erosions, highlighting parasitic impact on the pediatric gut.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 7, 2026

Endoscopic Injection Sclerotherapy Assisted by Cyanoacrylate and Clips for Gastroesophageal Varices
04:09

Endoscopic Injection Sclerotherapy Assisted by Cyanoacrylate and Clips for Gastroesophageal Varices

Published on: June 13, 2025

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Gastroenterology
  • Parasitology
  • Surgical Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Gastrointestinal bleeding in children can stem from various causes.
  • Ascariasis, a parasitic infection, is prevalent globally and can affect the gastrointestinal tract.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a case of massive gastrointestinal bleeding in a pediatric patient due to Ascaris lumbricoides.
  • To describe the endoscopic findings of mucosal erosions associated with roundworm infestation.

Main Methods:

  • Case presentation of a 2-year-old boy with hematemesis and hematochezia.
  • Surgical exploration and jejunal ascarid removal.
  • Panendoscopy via enterotomy to evaluate duodenal and jejunal mucosa.

Main Results:

  • Massive hematemesis and hematochezia resolved after surgical removal of an ascarid.
  • Panendoscopy revealed multiple duodenal and jejunal mucosal erosions.
  • The findings indicate significant gastrointestinal trauma caused by the parasitic worm.

Conclusions:

  • Ascaris lumbricoides can cause severe gastrointestinal hemorrhage and mucosal damage in children.
  • Prompt diagnosis and surgical intervention are crucial for managing such complications.
  • Understanding the pathogenesis of ascarid-induced mucosal lesions is important for clinical management.