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GSTCD and INTS12 regulation and expression in the human lung
Ma'en Obeidat1, Suzanne Miller, Kelly Probert
1Division of Respiratory Medicine, University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Center, Nottingham, United Kingdom ; James Hogg Research Centre, Institute for Heart and Lung Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
Genome-Wide Association Studies reveal that glutathione S-transferase, C-terminal domain containing (GSTCD) and integrator complex subunit 12 (INTS12) genes are linked to lung function. Their co-regulation and expression patterns offer insights into respiratory health.
Area of Science:
- Genetics
- Pulmonology
- Molecular Biology
Background:
- Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS) meta-analyses identified a significant association signal for lung function on chromosome 4q24.
- This region contains two oppositely transcribed genes: glutathione S-transferase, C-terminal domain containing (GSTCD) and integrator complex subunit 12 (INTS12).
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the co-regulation, expression patterns, and potential role of GSTCD and INTS12 in human lung function.
- To determine the transcriptional and translational regulation of these genes.
Main Methods:
- Quantitative PCR (Q-PCR) and expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) studies were used to assess mRNA expression.
- Human airway smooth muscle cells were treated with TGFβ1 to observe gene induction.
- Immunohistochemistry was employed to analyze protein expression in human lung tissue and during fetal development.
- Analysis of GWAS-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in relation to gene expression.
Main Results:
- Correlated mRNA expression of GSTCD and INTS12 was observed via Q-PCR and eQTL studies.
- Both genes' mRNA expression was induced by TGFβ1 in airway smooth muscle cells.
- Lung eQTL studies showed a positive correlation between GSTCD and INTS12 mRNA levels and percent predicted FEV1.
- GWAS-associated SNPs for FEV1 acted as eQTLs for INTS12 in multiple tissues.
- GSTCD protein was ubiquitously expressed, while INTS12 was mainly in epithelial cells and pneumocytes.
- GSTCD protein expression was higher in early fetal lung development (pseudoglandular stage) compared to later stages.
Conclusions:
- GSTCD and INTS12 are co-regulated and their expression is linked to lung function.
- TGFβ1 influences the expression of both genes.
- Distinct protein expression patterns and developmental regulation suggest specialized roles for GSTCD and INTS12.
- Further research is needed to fully elucidate the functions of INTS12 and GSTCD in lung physiology.
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