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Related Concept Videos

T Cell Types and Functions01:24

T Cell Types and Functions

When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
The JAK-STAT Signaling Pathway01:20

The JAK-STAT Signaling Pathway

Several cytokine receptors have tightly bound Janus kinase or JAK proteins attached at their cytosolic tail. Small signaling molecules such as cytokines, growth hormones, or prolactins bind to the cytokine receptors and initiate their dimerization. The dimerization brings the cytosolic JAKs together that trans-phosphorylate and activates each other. The activated JAKs now phosphorylate cytosolic tails of the cytokine receptors, which serve as binding sites for adaptor proteins such as  SH2...
T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection01:22

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection

T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
B Cell Activation and Differentiation01:24

B Cell Activation and Differentiation

The adaptive immune response, a sophisticated defense mechanism, relies on the activation and differentiation of B lymphocytes, or B cells. These processes enable our bodies to mount a tailored response against specific pathogens such as bacteria, free virus particles, toxins, and parasites.
When naive B cells encounter a specific antigen that can bind to the B cell receptor (BCR) on their surface, they undergo sensitization to respond to the antigen's presence. Sensitization begins with...
Regulation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells01:01

Regulation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells

All blood and immune cells are produced from the multipotent hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) by the process of hematopoiesis. However, they all have a limited life span. In addition, many are depleted in immune surveillance or combatting an injury or infection. This makes blood one of the most regenerative tissues. Hematopoiesis helps replenish these blood and immune cells, restoring the body's normal functioning. However, overproduction of blood and immune cells can make them cancerous or...
TGF - β Signaling Pathway01:16

TGF - β Signaling Pathway

The TGF-β signaling pathway regulates cell growth, differentiation, adhesion, motility, and development. TGF-β ligands that induce TGF-β signaling are synthesized in their latent form. Several proteases or cell surface receptors such as integrins act upon the latent form, releasing the active ligand. There are three types of mammalian TGF-βs: (TGF-β1, TGF-β2, and TGF-β3) that bind as homodimers or heterodimers to TGF-β receptors. The TGF-β receptors are of three kinds RI, RII, and RIII. The RI...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 7, 2026

Mouse Na&#239;ve CD4+ T Cell Isolation and In vitro Differentiation into T Cell Subsets
07:12

Mouse Naïve CD4+ T Cell Isolation and In vitro Differentiation into T Cell Subsets

Published on: April 16, 2015

Interleukin-2 and STAT5 in regulatory T cell development and function.

Shawn A Mahmud1, Luke S Manlove, Michael A Farrar

  • 1Center for Immunology; Masonic Cancer Center; and Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology; University of Minnesota; Minneapolis, MN USA.

JAK-STAT
|September 24, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Interleukin-2 (IL2) and its target STAT5 are crucial for immune function, particularly in regulatory T cells. This review details their role in regulatory T cell development, differentiation, and function.

Keywords:
STAT5autoimmunitycytokinesinterleukin-2regulatory T cell development

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Generation of Induced Regulatory T Cells from Primary Human Na&iuml;ve and Memory T Cells
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Generation of Induced Regulatory T Cells from Primary Human Naïve and Memory T Cells

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Last Updated: May 7, 2026

Mouse Na&#239;ve CD4+ T Cell Isolation and In vitro Differentiation into T Cell Subsets
07:12

Mouse Naïve CD4+ T Cell Isolation and In vitro Differentiation into T Cell Subsets

Published on: April 16, 2015

Phenotypic and Functional Analysis of Activated Regulatory T Cells Isolated from Chronic Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus-infected Mice
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Phenotypic and Functional Analysis of Activated Regulatory T Cells Isolated from Chronic Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus-infected Mice

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Generation of Induced Regulatory T Cells from Primary Human Na&iuml;ve and Memory T Cells
14:23

Generation of Induced Regulatory T Cells from Primary Human Naïve and Memory T Cells

Published on: April 16, 2012

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Interleukin-2 (IL2) and its downstream signaling molecule STAT5 play significant roles in immune system regulation.
  • Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are critical for maintaining immune homeostasis and preventing autoimmunity.
  • The interplay between IL2 and STAT5 in Treg biology is a key area of investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the initial evidence linking IL2 and STAT5 to Treg development.
  • To outline recent findings on how this pathway influences Treg differentiation.
  • To discuss the impact of the IL2-STAT5 pathway on Treg function.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing studies on IL2, STAT5, and regulatory T cells.
  • Synthesis of data from initial discoveries and recent research.
  • Analysis of the signaling mechanisms involved.

Main Results:

  • IL2 and STAT5 are essential for the development of regulatory T cells.
  • The IL2-STAT5 signaling pathway is critical for inducing Treg-specific transcription factors.
  • This pathway modulates various Treg functions, including cytokine production and suppressive capacity.

Conclusions:

  • The IL2-STAT5 axis is a fundamental regulator of regulatory T cell biology.
  • Understanding this pathway provides insights into immune tolerance and autoimmune diseases.
  • Targeting the IL2-STAT5 pathway may offer therapeutic strategies for immune disorders.