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State Mindfulness Scale (SMS): development and initial validation.

Galia Tanay¹, Amit Bernstein

¹Department of Psychology, University of Haifa.

Psychological Assessment

|September 25, 2013

Summary

Researchers developed the State Mindfulness Scale (SMS) to measure present-moment awareness. The SMS demonstrated reliability and validity in assessing mindfulness, offering a new tool for psychological research and clinical applications.

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Area of Science:

Psychology
Mindfulness Research

Background:

Existing mindfulness measures may not fully capture traditional Buddhist and contemporary psychological science models.
A need exists for a validated scale assessing state mindfulness as a dynamic mental behavior.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and validate the State Mindfulness Scale (SMS).
To assess state mindfulness of bodily sensations and mental events.
To evaluate the SMS's psychometric properties and clinical utility.

Main Methods:

Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were used to establish the SMS structure.
Cross-sectional studies assessed convergent, discriminant, and incremental validity.
A randomized controlled trial evaluated the SMS's sensitivity to change and predictive validity.

Main Results:

Factor analyses supported a two-factor structure for state mindfulness (bodily and mental).
The SMS demonstrated good convergent, discriminant, and incremental validity.
The SMS showed stability, construct validity, and sensitivity to change in an intervention study.

Conclusions:

The State Mindfulness Scale (SMS) is a reliable and valid measure of state mindfulness.
The SMS can contribute to understanding mindfulness as a mental behavior and its mechanisms.
The SMS has potential applications in clinical evaluation and biopsychobehavioral research.