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Protocol for Human Blastoids Modeling Blastocyst Development and Implantation

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Evolving protocells to prototissues: rational design of a missing link.

Shiksha Mantri¹, K Tanuj Sapra

¹*Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH), 8093 Zurich, Switzerland.

Biochemical Society Transactions

|September 25, 2013

Summary

Creating functional artificial cells (protocells) is key in synthetic biology. This work proposes designing linking elements for hierarchical assembly of protocells into prototissues, bridging a knowledge gap.

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Area of Science:

Synthetic biology
Biomimetic engineering
Cellular self-assembly

Background:

The creation of functional artificial cells, or protocells, is a significant challenge in synthetic biology.
A key objective is to assemble these protocellular units into prototissues using a bottom-up approach.
A substantial knowledge gap currently exists between the development of individual protocells and their assembly into functional prototissues.

Purpose of the Study:

To provide an overview of current protocell research.
To discuss the rational design of structural elements for linking protocellular bilayers.
To propose a strategy for the hierarchical assembly of protocells into prototissues.

Main Methods:

Review of existing protocell research.
Conceptual design of synthetic linking elements.
Discussion on bilayer interaction mechanisms.

Main Results:

Identification of the need for specific structural elements to bridge protocellular bilayers.
Proposal of synthetic parts designed for simultaneous insertion into two bilayers.
Hypothesis that such parts are crucial for hierarchical protocell assembly.

Conclusions:

Bridging the gap between protocells and prototissues requires novel design strategies.
Designing synthetic linkers that interact with multiple bilayers is a promising approach.
This strategy may enable the bottom-up construction of functional prototissues from protocellular units.