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Updated: May 7, 2026

An In vitro Model to Study Immune Responses of Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells to Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection
09:01

An In vitro Model to Study Immune Responses of Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells to Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection

Published on: December 10, 2013

New perspectives in Respiratory Syncitial Virus infection

Antonio Del Vecchio1, Teresa Ferrara, Marco Maglione

  • 1Division of Neonatology, Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Di Venere Hospital , Bari , Italy and.

The Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine : the Official Journal of the European Association of Perinatal Medicine, the Federation of Asia and Oceania Perinatal Societies, the International Society of Perinatal Obstetricians
|September 25, 2013
PubMed

Insights

Respiratory syncitial virus (RSV) causes severe lung infections in children, particularly those with underlying health conditions. This review examines palivizumab prophylaxis, exploring cost-effectiveness and administration for high-risk infants.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Respiratory syncitial virus (RSV) is a leading cause of lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI) in children globally.
  • RSV infection is linked to significant childhood morbidity and can lead to chronic respiratory conditions.
  • High-risk infants, including premature infants and those with congenital heart disease or immune defects, face severe RSV outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current knowledge on RSV infection in children.
  • To analyze recent advancements in assessing cost-effective palivizumab prophylaxis.
  • To address uncertainties regarding RSV prophylaxis implementation in specific infant populations.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of RSV infection and palivizumab prophylaxis.
  • Analysis of data on RSV severity predictors.
  • Evaluation of cost-effectiveness and administration strategies for palivizumab.

Main Results:

  • Palivizumab is safe and effective for preventing RSV hospitalization in high-risk infants.
  • High cost and complex delivery limit palivizumab accessibility.
  • Optimal implementation strategies for palivizumab, especially for 32- to 35-week-gestational age infants, require further clarification.

Conclusions:

  • RSV remains a critical pediatric respiratory pathogen.
  • Improving palivizumab accessibility and defining optimal prophylaxis protocols are essential.
  • Further research is needed to enhance cost-effective RSV prevention strategies.

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