Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Bipolar Disorder

Bipolar Disorder

Bipolar disorder is a chronic mental health condition marked by significant mood fluctuations, including episodes of mania and depression. Elevated energy levels, heightened mood or irritability, impulsive behavior, reduced sleep needs, rapid speech, racing thoughts, inflated self-esteem, and distractibility characterize mania. Individuals with bipolar disorder often alternate between depressive and manic states, with periods of emotional stability lasting an average of six months to a year.

Depressive Disorders: Etiology

Depressive Disorders: Etiology

Depressive disorders result from a complex interplay of biological, psychological, and sociocultural factors, each contributing uniquely to the development and persistence of the condition. Understanding these factors provides critical insight into the multifaceted nature of depression.
Biological Factors in Depression
Biological predispositions significantly influence the risk of developing depressive disorders. Genetic studies highlight the role of variations in the serotonin transporter...

Depression: Overview

Depression: Overview

Depression is a prevalent mental illness marked by persistent sadness and lack of interest in previously enjoyable activities. It can take several forms, including major depression, persistent depressive disorder, and bipolar I and II disorders. Symptoms range from emotional changes like chronic worry to physical changes like sleep disturbances and suicidal thoughts. From a neurobiological perspective, depression is believed to be triggered by abnormalities in the brain's prefrontal cortex,...

Mania and Antimanic Drugs: Overview

Mania and Antimanic Drugs: Overview

Mania, a psychological condition characterized by elevated mood, increased energy, and reduced sleep need, is part of the bipolar disorder cycle. The exact cause of mania isn't entirely known, but it is thought to be a combination of genetic, environmental, and neurological factors. Bipolar disorder involves alternating manic and depressive episodes. Mood stabilizers like lithium, antipsychotics, and anticonvulsants help manage these episodes. Lithium carbonate is particularly effective as a...

Circadian Rhythms and Gene Regulation

Circadian Rhythms and Gene Regulation

The biological clock is involved in many aspects of regulating complex physiology in all animals. It was in 1935 when German zoologists, Hans Kalmus and Erwin Bünning, discovered the existence of circadian rhythm in Drosophila melanogaster. However, the internal molecular mechanisms behind the circadian clock remained a mystery until 1984, when Jeffrey C. Hall, Michael Rosbash, and Michael W. Young discovered the expression of the Per gene oscillating over a 24-hour cycle. In subsequent years,...

Depressive Disorders: MDD and Dysthymia

Depressive Disorders: MDD and Dysthymia

Depressive disorders are a group of mental health conditions characterized by pervasive feelings of sadness, diminished pleasure in life, and a significant impact on daily functioning. These conditions are most prevalent in individuals during their 30s and affect women at twice the rate of men. Contrary to popular belief, younger individuals are generally more susceptible to these disorders than older adults. Two key types of depressive disorders include Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Exploring the genetics of lithium response in bipolar disorders.

International journal of bipolar disorders·2024

Same author

Lithium response in bipolar disorder is associated with focal adhesion and PI3K-Akt networks: a multi-omics replication study.

Translational psychiatry·2024

Same author

Exploring the genetics of lithium response in bipolar disorders.

Research square·2023

Same author

Lithium Response in Bipolar Disorder is Associated with Focal Adhesion and PI3K-Akt Networks: A Multi-omics Replication Study.

Research square·2023

Same author

Immunogenetics of lithium response and psychiatric phenotypes in patients with bipolar disorder.

Research square·2023

Same author

Association of polygenic score and the involvement of cholinergic and glutamatergic pathways with lithium treatment response in patients with bipolar disorder.

Molecular psychiatry·2023

Same journal

Brain Mechanisms - An evolving perspective on the future of neuroscience.

Journal of chemical neuroanatomy·2024

Same journal

Lymphatic Vessels Accompanying Dorsal and Basal Dural Sinuses in the Human Brain.

Journal of chemical neuroanatomy·2024

Same journal

Retraction notice to "Astrocyte response to melatonin treatment in rats under high-carbohydrate high-fat diet" [J. Chem. Neuroanat. 136 (2024) 102389].

Journal of chemical neuroanatomy·2024

Same journal

Retraction notice to "Aqueous leaf extract of Phyllanthus amarus protects against oxidative stress and misfiring of dopaminergic neurons in Paraquat-induced Parkinson's disease-like model of adult Wistar rats" [J. Chem. Neuroanat. 135 (2024) 102365].

Journal of chemical neuroanatomy·2024

Same journal

Retraction notice to "Coenzyme Q10 attenuates neurodegeneration in the cerebellum induced by chronic exposure to tramadol" [J. Chem. Neuroanat. 135 (2024) 102367].

Journal of chemical neuroanatomy·2024

Same journal

Retraction notice to "Maternal diabetes-induced alterations in the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in the developing rat hippocampus" [J. Chem. Neuroanat. 114(2021) 101946].

Journal of chemical neuroanatomy·2024

See all related articles

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 7, 2026

Exploring the Neural Correlates of Cognitive Reappraisal in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Using Task-based Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Exploring the Neural Correlates of Cognitive Reappraisal in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Using Task-based Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Published on: March 14, 2025

CRF system and mood disorders.

Jean-Michel Aubry¹

¹Division of Psychiatric Specialties, Mood Disorder Program, Department of Mental Health and Psychiatry, Hopitaux Universitaires de Genève, 20 rue de Lausanne, 1201 Geneva, Switzerland.

Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy

|September 25, 2013

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

The corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) system is implicated in stress and mood disorders. While CRFR1 antagonists show promise in animal models, clinical efficacy for major depressive disorder remains elusive, though research continues.

Keywords:

Antidepressant response Bipolar disorders CRF antagonists Depression Stress reactivity

More Related Videos

Individualized rTMS Treatment for Depression using an fMRI-Based Targeting Method

Individualized rTMS Treatment for Depression using an fMRI-Based Targeting Method

Published on: August 2, 2021

Network Pharmacology and Validation of the Antidepressant Mechanisms of Qiangzhifang in a Chronic Restraint Stress-induced Depression Rat Model

Network Pharmacology and Validation of the Antidepressant Mechanisms of Qiangzhifang in a Chronic Restraint Stress-induced Depression Rat Model

Published on: June 6, 2025

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 7, 2026

Exploring the Neural Correlates of Cognitive Reappraisal in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Using Task-based Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Exploring the Neural Correlates of Cognitive Reappraisal in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Using Task-based Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Published on: March 14, 2025

Individualized rTMS Treatment for Depression using an fMRI-Based Targeting Method

Individualized rTMS Treatment for Depression using an fMRI-Based Targeting Method

Published on: August 2, 2021

Network Pharmacology and Validation of the Antidepressant Mechanisms of Qiangzhifang in a Chronic Restraint Stress-induced Depression Rat Model

Network Pharmacology and Validation of the Antidepressant Mechanisms of Qiangzhifang in a Chronic Restraint Stress-induced Depression Rat Model

Published on: June 6, 2025

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Psychiatry
Pharmacology

Background:

The corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) system plays a crucial role in regulating the body's stress response.
Clinical observations and studies demonstrate a strong link between stress and mood episodes, particularly in bipolar disorder.
Genetic findings suggest the CRF system's involvement in the pathophysiology of depression and anxiety disorders.

Purpose of the Study:

To explore the therapeutic potential of CRFR1 antagonists for major depressive disorder.
To review the current understanding of the CRF system's role in stress regulation and mood disorders.
To assess the clinical development progress and challenges of CRFR1 antagonist-based treatments.

Main Methods:

Review of preclinical data on antidepressant-like effects of CRFR1 antagonists in animal models.
Analysis of clinical trial outcomes and efficacy data for CRFR1 antagonists in major depressive disorder.
Examination of genetic studies investigating the association between CRFR1 variants and depression/anxiety.

Main Results:

CRFR1 antagonists have demonstrated antidepressant-like effects in various animal models of depression.
Clinical trials investigating CRFR1 antagonists for major depressive disorder have not yet yielded significant efficacy.
Genetic evidence supports the involvement of the CRF system, specifically CRFR1, in the development of depression and anxiety.

Conclusions:

Despite a lack of clinical success to date, CRFR1 antagonists remain an area of interest for treating major depressive disorder.
The CRF system's role in stress response and mood disorders is well-established, supported by preclinical and genetic data.
Further research and exploration of the CRF system may lead to novel therapeutic strategies for stress-related psychiatric conditions.