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NiO-based nanostructures with efficient optical and electrochemical properties for high-performance nanofluids.

Jitendra Gangwar1, Kajal Kumar Dey, Surya Kant Tripathi

  • 1National Physical Laboratory, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Dr K S Krishnan Road, New Delhi, 110012, India. Department of Physics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India.

Nanotechnology
|September 25, 2013
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Summary

Nickel oxide (NiO) nanostructures synthesized via wet chemistry show tunable properties with calcination temperature. These NiO nanoparticles offer significant thermal conductivity enhancement for heat transfer fluids.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Chemical Engineering

Background:

  • Nickel oxide (NiO) is a promising material with diverse applications.
  • Controlling nanostructure morphology and properties is crucial for optimizing performance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize NiO nanostructures using a wet chemical method.
  • To investigate the effect of calcination temperature on NiO properties.
  • To evaluate the potential of NiO nanoparticles in heat transfer fluids.

Main Methods:

  • Wet chemical solution method for NiO synthesis.
  • Characterization using X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Thermogravimetric/Differential Scanning Calorimetry (TG/DSC), Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), and high-resolution electron microscopy.
  • Preparation and testing of ethylene-glycol-based nanofluids with NiO nanoparticles.

Main Results:

  • Calcination temperature influenced NiO particle size, stoichiometry, optical band gap, and luminescence.
  • NiO nanostructures demonstrated efficient electrochemical properties with good capacitance.
  • Ethylene-glycol nanofluids containing NiO nanoparticles achieved significant thermal conductivity enhancement (59-69% at room temperature, 125% at 80°C).

Conclusions:

  • Calcination temperature is a key parameter for tailoring NiO nanostructure characteristics.
  • NiO nanoparticles show potential for enhancing electrochemical applications.
  • NiO-based nanofluids are highly effective for high-performance heat transfer applications.