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High-Throughput Small Molecule Drug Screening For Age-Related Sleep Disorders Using Drosophila melanogaster

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Delayed sleep phase disorder in youth.

Michael Gradisar¹, Stephanie J Crowley

¹aSchool of Psychology, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia bBiological Rhythms Research Laboratory, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA.

Current Opinion in Psychiatry

|September 25, 2013

Summary

Delayed sleep phase disorder (DSPD) affects 1-16% of adolescents and young adults, impacting school and mental health. Effective treatments include melatonin and cognitive behavioral therapy combined with bright light.

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Area of Science:

Sleep Medicine
Chronobiology
Adolescent Health

Background:

Delayed sleep phase disorder (DSPD) is a recognized condition impacting sleep timing.
Increasing awareness of DSPD in adolescents and young adults necessitates updated understanding.
This review synthesizes current research on DSPD's clinical presentation, etiology, and management.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the latest research findings on the clinical features of DSPD.
To explore the underlying causes and contributing factors of DSPD.
To describe current and emerging treatment strategies for DSPD.

Main Methods:

Literature review of recent research on DSPD.
Analysis of studies focusing on prevalence, impact, and contributing factors.
Evaluation of treatment efficacy for DSPD.

Main Results:

DSPD prevalence in adolescents and young adults is estimated between 1% and 16%.
Significant negative impacts on academic/work performance and mental health are observed.
Contributing factors include reduced sleep pressure, delayed circadian rhythms, light insensitivity, and cognitive hyperactivity.

Conclusions:

Clinicians should recognize DSPD's symptoms like sleepiness, anxiety, depression, and risk of school dropout.
Biological underpinnings of DSPD are often not apparent in standard clinical evaluations.
Recommended treatments involve evening melatonin and cognitive-behavioral therapy with morning bright light to address circadian delays and insomnia.