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Circadian Rhythms and Gene Regulation

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The biological clock is involved in many aspects of regulating complex physiology in all animals. It was in 1935 when German zoologists, Hans Kalmus and Erwin Bünning, discovered the existence of circadian rhythm in Drosophila melanogaster. However, the internal molecular mechanisms behind the circadian clock remained a mystery until 1984, when Jeffrey C. Hall, Michael Rosbash, and Michael W. Young discovered the expression of the Per gene oscillating over a 24-hour cycle. In subsequent years,...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 7, 2026

Recording and Analysis of Circadian Rhythms in Running-wheel Activity in Rodents

Recording and Analysis of Circadian Rhythms in Running-wheel Activity in Rodents

Published on: January 24, 2013

Circadian rhythms and psychiatric illness.

Lauren D Asarnow¹, Adriane M Soehner, Allison G Harvey

¹University of California, Berkeley, California, USA.

Current Opinion in Psychiatry

|September 25, 2013

Summary

This review explores sleep and circadian rhythms in psychiatric disorders. Recent research uses objective measures, but treatment studies still rely on self-reports, highlighting needs for broader validation and access.

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Last Updated: May 7, 2026

Recording and Analysis of Circadian Rhythms in Running-wheel Activity in Rodents

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Parallel Measurement of Circadian Clock Gene Expression and Hormone Secretion in Human Primary Cell Cultures

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Area of Science:

Psychiatry
Sleep Medicine
Chronobiology

Background:

Sleep and circadian rhythm disturbances are common in psychiatric illnesses.
Understanding these disruptions is crucial for effective treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

To provide a conceptual overview of sleep and circadian research in psychiatric illness.
To discuss recent experimental and intervention findings since 2011.

Main Methods:

Review of studies published since January 2011 focusing on circadian disturbance and psychiatric illness.
Summary of experimental and intervention findings.

Main Results:

Experimental studies increasingly use objective and validated instruments to measure the circadian system.
Treatment research since 2011 predominantly uses self-report measures.

Conclusions:

Advancements in treatment research include broadening validation of existing sleep treatments for comorbid conditions.
Future directions involve increasing access and affordability of treatment and combining psychosocial and pharmacological approaches.