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Related Concept Videos

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Overview01:03

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Overview

NMR-active nuclei have energy levels called 'spin states' that are associated with the orientations of their nuclear magnetic moments. In the absence of a magnetic field, the nuclear magnetic moments are randomly oriented, and the spin states are degenerate. When an external magnetic field is applied, the spin states have only 2 + 1 orientations available to them. A proton with = ½ has two available orientations. Similarly, for a quadrupolar nucleus with a nuclear spin value of one, the...
Valence Bond Theory02:42

Valence Bond Theory

Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...
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The Pauli Exclusion Principle

The arrangement of electrons in the orbitals of an atom is called its electron configuration. We describe an electron configuration with a symbol that contains three pieces of information:
Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Relaxation Processes01:23

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Relaxation Processes

In the absence of an external magnetic field, nuclear spin states are degenerate and randomly oriented. When a magnetic field is applied, the spins begin to precess and orient themselves along (lower energy) or against (higher energy) the direction of the field. At equilibrium, a slight excess population of spins exists in the lower energy state. Because the direction of the magnetic field is fixed as the z-axis,  the precessing magnetic moments are randomly oriented around the z-axis. This...
Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Population Distribution01:14

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Population Distribution

Near absolute zero temperatures, in the presence of a magnetic field, the majority of nuclei prefer the lower energy spin-up state to the higher energy spin-down state. As temperatures increase, the energy from thermal collisions distributes the spins more equally between the two states. The Boltzmann distribution equation gives the ratio of the number of spins predicted in the spin −½ (N−) and spin +½ (N+) states.
NMR Spectroscopy: Spin–Spin Coupling01:08

NMR Spectroscopy: Spin–Spin Coupling

The spin state of an NMR-active nucleus can have a slight effect on its immediate electronic environment. This effect propagates through the intervening bonds and affects the electronic environments of NMR-active nuclei up to three bonds away; occasionally, even farther. This phenomenon is called spin–spin coupling or J-coupling. Coupling interactions are mutual and result in small changes in the absorption frequencies of both nuclei involved. While nuclei of the same element are involved in...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 7, 2026

All-electronic Nanosecond-resolved Scanning Tunneling Microscopy: Facilitating the Investigation of Single Dopant Charge Dynamics
11:33

All-electronic Nanosecond-resolved Scanning Tunneling Microscopy: Facilitating the Investigation of Single Dopant Charge Dynamics

Published on: January 19, 2018

Accessing 4f-states in single-molecule spintronics.

Sarah Fahrendorf1, Nicolae Atodiresei, Claire Besson

  • 11] Peter Grünberg Institute, Electronic Properties (PGI-6), Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany [2] Jülich-Aachen Research Alliance, Fundamentals for Future Information Technology (JARA-FIT), Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany [3].

Nature Communications
|September 25, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed all-electrically controlled spintronic devices using neodymium molecules. This approach sustains the molecular magnetic moment while enabling charge transport, overcoming previous limitations in molecular spintronics.

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Last Updated: May 7, 2026

All-electronic Nanosecond-resolved Scanning Tunneling Microscopy: Facilitating the Investigation of Single Dopant Charge Dynamics
11:33

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Published on: January 19, 2018

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Experimental Methods for Spin- and Angle-Resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy Combined with Polarization-Variable Laser

Published on: June 28, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Molecular spintronics
  • Quantum chemistry
  • Materials science

Background:

  • Magnetic molecules are key for spintronic devices, but electrode interactions often quench their magnetic properties.
  • Achieving spintronic functionality requires specific hybridization between molecular and electrode states.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how molecular spin centers influence molecule-electrode contact characteristics.
  • To demonstrate a method for accessing and utilizing molecular magnetic orbitals in spintronic applications.

Main Methods:

  • Adsorption of single bis(phthalocyaninato)-neodymium(III) molecules on Cu(100).
  • Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) for electronic access.
  • Spectroscopic data analysis and ab initio calculations.

Main Results:

  • The 4f-orbitals of neodymium molecules were directly accessed via STM.
  • These orbitals contributed to charge transport without quenching the magnetic moment.
  • Spectroscopic and computational data confirmed sustained magnetic properties.

Conclusions:

  • Judicious selection of molecular spin centers is crucial for controlling molecule-electrode interactions.
  • Neodymium-based molecules offer a pathway for all-electrically controlled spintronic devices.
  • Tailoring molecular orbitals enables robust spintronic functionality.