Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 7, 2026

Sub-nanometer Resolution Imaging with Amplitude-modulation Atomic Force Microscopy in Liquid
Published on: December 20, 2016
Filming atomic motions in liquids
Abstract:
Basic techniques in ultrafast time-resolved optical spectroscopy and x-ray diffraction are described for a broad scientific community. Basic experimental setups are presented, and theories for the interpretation of experimental data are briefly described. The power of these ultrafast techniques is shown with a few selected examples. It is shown in particular how they permit to film atomic motions during a chemical reaction. The strong and weak points of the two complementary techniques are discussed in some detail. A number of basic references are included to help interested readers. Future developments of ultrafast techniques are conjectured at the end of the paper.
Related Concept Videos
Atomic Spectroscopy: Absorption, Emission, and Fluorescence
Atomic Fluorescence Spectroscopy
Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Atomization Methods
Atomic Force Microscopy
The AFM Probe
The probe is regarded as the heart of any AFM setup and comprises the...
Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation
Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Relaxation Processes

