Electronegative LDL: a circulating modified LDL with a role in inflammation
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Updated: May 7, 2026

Cell-free Biochemical Fluorometric Enzymatic Assay for High-throughput Measurement of Lipid Peroxidation in High Density Lipoprotein
Published on: October 12, 2017
Montserrat Estruch1, José Luis Sánchez-Quesada, Jordi Ordóñez Llanos
1Servei de Bioquímica, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Sant Pau, 167 Sant Antoni Maria Claret, 08025 Barcelona, Spain.
Abstract:
Electronegative low density lipoprotein (LDL(-)) is a minor modified fraction of LDL found in blood. It comprises a heterogeneous population of LDL particles modified by various mechanisms sharing as a common feature increased electronegativity. Modification by oxidation is one of these mechanisms. LDL(-) has inflammatory properties similar to those of oxidized LDL (oxLDL), such as inflammatory cytokine release in leukocytes and endothelial cells. However, in contrast with oxLDL, LDL(-) also has some anti-inflammatory effects on cultured cells. The inflammatory and anti-inflammatory properties ascribed to LDL(-) suggest that it could have a dual biological effect.
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