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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 7, 2026

An Experimental Paradigm for Measuring the Effects of Ageing on Sentence Processing

An Experimental Paradigm for Measuring the Effects of Ageing on Sentence Processing

Published on: October 25, 2019

Age-related vulnerability in the neural systems supporting semantic processing.

Jonathan E Peelle¹, Keerthi Chandrasekaran, John Powers

¹Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, PA, USA.

Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience

|September 25, 2013

Summary

Aging affects semantic memory by altering how the brain accesses object knowledge. Older adults who performed similarly to younger adults showed greater brain activity in specific regions, unlike poorer-performing older adults.

Keywords:

aging cognitive aging compensation fMRI language semantic memory

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Assessment of Age-related Changes in Cognitive Functions Using EmoCogMeter, a Novel Tablet-computer Based Approach

Published on: February 14, 2014

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Cognitive Psychology
Gerontology

Background:

Semantic memory, crucial for language and thought, involves storing and retrieving object knowledge.
Aging can differentially impact the sensory-motor and executive components of semantic memory.

Purpose of the Study:

Investigate semantic processing in normal aging using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI).
Examine how young and older adults retrieve and evaluate object feature knowledge.

Main Methods:

fMRI study comparing young and older adults on an object feature-matching task.
Factorial design querying natural kinds/manufactured objects on color/shape features.
Behavioral analysis and brain activity mapping.

Main Results:

Older adults were divided into better and poorer performers based on task performance.
All participants activated temporal and frontal cortical regions.
Better-performing older adults showed increased activity in premotor and lateral occipital cortex compared to young adults and poorer-performing older adults.

Conclusions:

Domain-general executive processing regions contribute significantly to semantic memory.
Healthy aging involves differential recruitment of brain regions for semantic memory tasks.
Poorer performance in some older adults correlated with gray matter atrophy in premotor cortex.