Surgical management of multiple myeloma in the mandible: a case report

Multiple myeloma (MM), solitary bone plasmacytoma, and extramedullary plasmacytoma are different types of plasma cell neoplasia, which is a lymphoid neoplastic proliferation of ß-cells. While MM is most frequently seen in the vertebrae and long bones, 30% of MM cases are found in the jaws. This case report presents a 58-year-old man with mandibular swelling; his medical history indicated he had a fracture of the humerus 1 month earlier. Panoramic radiography revealed a radiolucent lesion in the mandibular posterior region. Biopsy was performed and the histopathological examination indicated plasmocytoma. However, given the patient's dental and medical history, and the presence of multiple osteolytic lesions, the final diagnosis was MM. The patient underwent chemotherapy for the MM. To treat the pathological fracture of the jaw, a hemimandibulectomy was followed by the installation of a reconstructive plate.