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Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome in Children: Case Series and Systematic Review

Tai-Heng Chen1, Wei-Chen Lin, Yong-Hao Tseng

  • 11Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.

Journal of Child Neurology
|September 26, 2013
PubMed

Insights

Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) in children often presents with seizures and hypertension. Prompt diagnosis via MRI and intensive care lead to complete recovery in pediatric PRES patients.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Pediatrics
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a neurological condition affecting children.
  • Understanding its presentations and outcomes is crucial for timely diagnosis and management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the clinical presentations and outcomes of pediatric PRES.
  • To identify key factors and common manifestations of PRES in children.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 14 pediatric intensive care unit patients with PRES.
  • Systematic review of 94 additional pediatric PRES cases from existing literature.
  • Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for diagnosis.

Main Results:

  • Common precipitating factors include hypertension (100%) and immunosuppressants (71%).
  • Neurologic manifestations frequently observed are seizures (100%) and altered mental status (100%).
  • All patients achieved complete clinical and radiologic recovery with intensive care.

Conclusions:

  • Children presenting with seizures and hypertension should be evaluated for PRES.
  • Early recognition and intensive management are vital for favorable outcomes in pediatric PRES.
  • PRES should be considered in the differential diagnosis of acute encephalopathy in children.

Keywords:
childhoodcritical carehypertensionposterior reversible encephalopathy syndromeseizures

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