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Related Concept Videos

Observational Studies01:11

Observational Studies

Observational studies are a type of analytical study where researchers observe events without any interventions. In other words, the researcher does not influence the response variable or the experiment's outcome.
There are three types of observational studies – Prospective, retrospective, and cross-sectional.
Prospective Study
Prospective studies, also known as longitudinal or cohort studies, are carried out by collecting future data from groups sharing similar characteristics. One example of...
Study Designs in Epidemiology01:20

Study Designs in Epidemiology

Epidemiological study designs are fundamental tools for investigating the distribution, determinants, and control of health conditions in populations. They help researchers understand the relationships between exposures and outcomes, and they broadly fall into two categories: "observational" and "experimental" studies.
Observational studies are those where the researcher does not intervene but rather observes natural variations. They include cross-sectional, cohort, and case-control studies.
The Scientific Method in Nursing Process01:18

The Scientific Method in Nursing Process

The scientific method provides the foundation for any research. It is the most reliable and objective of all forms of gaining knowledge and guides in applying research-based evidence in practice and conducting future research.
When using research findings to change practice, one must understand the process used to guide a study. The scientific method is a systematic, step-by-step process that supports the data's validity, reliability, and generalizability. As a result, findings can be safely...
Types of Biopharmaceutical Studies: Controlled and Non-Controlled Approaches01:23

Types of Biopharmaceutical Studies: Controlled and Non-Controlled Approaches

Biopharmaceutical studies constitute a vital field aiming to enhance drug delivery methods and refine therapeutic approaches, drawing upon diverse interdisciplinary knowledge. In research methodologies, the choice between controlled and non-controlled studies significantly influences the study's reliability and accuracy.
Non-controlled studies, commonly employed for initial exploration, lack a control group, rendering them susceptible to biases and external influences. In contrast, controlled...
Archival Research01:40

Archival Research

Some researchers gain access to large amounts of data without interacting with a single research participant. Instead, they use existing records to answer various research questions. This type of research approach is known as archival research. Archival research relies on looking at past records or data sets to look for interesting patterns or relationships. For example, a researcher might access the academic records of all individuals who enrolled in college within the past ten years and...
Clinical Trials01:16

Clinical Trials

Clinical trials are prospective experimental studies conducted on humans to determine the safety and efficacy of treatments, drugs, diet methods, and medical devices. Using statistics in clinical trials enables researchers to derive reasonable and accurate conclusions from the collected data, allowing them to make wise decisions in uncertain situations. In medical research, statistical methods are crucial for preventing errors and bias.
There are four phases in a clinical trial. A phase one...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 7, 2026

The Participant-Reported Implementation Update and Score (PRIUS): A Novel Method for Capturing Implementation-Related Data Over Time
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The Participant-Reported Implementation Update and Score (PRIUS): A Novel Method for Capturing Implementation-Related Data Over Time

Published on: February 19, 2021

Methodological developments in searching for studies for systematic reviews: past, present and future?

Carol Lefebvre1, Julie Glanville, L Susan Wieland

  • 1Lefebvre Associates Ltd, Oxford, UK. carol@lefebvreassociates.org.

Systematic Reviews
|September 27, 2013
PubMed
Summary

The Cochrane Collaboration has significantly improved systematic review searching since 1992, developing resources like CENTRAL and search filters. Future challenges include ensuring discoverability and data linkage for efficient systematic reviews.

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Comparing Bibliometric Analysis Using PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science Databases
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Comparing Bibliometric Analysis Using PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science Databases

Published on: October 24, 2019

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The Participant-Reported Implementation Update and Score (PRIUS): A Novel Method for Capturing Implementation-Related Data Over Time
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Comparing Bibliometric Analysis Using PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science Databases
05:02

Comparing Bibliometric Analysis Using PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science Databases

Published on: October 24, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Information Science
  • Health Sciences
  • Evidence-Based Medicine

Background:

  • Systematic review searching was underdeveloped in 1992, with limited guidance and few indexed randomized controlled trials (RCTs).
  • Review authors and librarians had limited experience and awareness of systematic review search methodologies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the evolution of study searching for Cochrane Reviews.
  • To highlight advancements in information retrieval for systematic reviews.
  • To anticipate future challenges and roles in systematic review searching.

Main Methods:

  • Tracking the growth of indexed RCTs in databases like MEDLINE and Embase.
  • Development of specialized search filters and strategies (e.g., Cochrane Highly Sensitive Search Strategies).
  • Establishment of the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL).

Main Results:

  • CENTRAL now contains approximately 700,000 controlled trial records.
  • Advanced search filters and the Cochrane Handbook provide detailed guidance.
  • Initiatives like MECIR and peer review of search strategies enhance quality.

Conclusions:

  • Information retrieval for systematic reviews has advanced significantly, improving study identification.
  • Prospective trial registration and new technologies will impact future searching.
  • Information professionals will play a crucial role in managing complex data for systematic reviews.