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Updated: May 7, 2026

A Spine Robotic-Assisted Navigation System for Pedicle Screw Placement
Published on: May 11, 2020
Sanjay A Pai1, Sweta Shivasanker
1Columbia Asia Referral Hospital, Malleswaram, Bangalore, Karnataka, India - Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine.
Surgeons are not bolder due to higher testosterone levels. A study found no significant difference in testosterone between surgeons and non-surgeons, debunking a common assumption about surgical boldness.
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