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Related Concept Videos

Autophagy01:27

Autophagy

Autophagy is a self-digesting process by which a cell protects itself from threats both within and outside the cell, ranging from abnormal proteins to invading bacteria. In this process, obsolete components of the cell and invading microbes are degraded by hydrolytic enzymes active in an acidic environment of the lysosomal lumen.
An autophagic pathway consists of a series of signaling events activated in response to diverse stress and physiological conditions such as food deprivation,...
Delivery Pathways to the Lysosome01:36

Delivery Pathways to the Lysosome

Eukaryotic cells use different mechanisms to eliminate toxic waste obsolete and worn-out substances. Lysosomes play a pivotal role in this, and hence, these substances are carried to the lysosome from other parts of the cell and extracellular space through different pathways. The most elaborately studied pathways to the lysosome are the endocytic pathways.
Endocytosis
In endocytosis, the cell membrane takes up macromolecules and particles from the surrounding medium. Clathrin-mediated...
Autophagic Cell Death01:18

Autophagic Cell Death

Christian de Duve discovered “autophagy,” a process in which cellular components are engulfed by membrane-bound organelles called autophagosomes. The autophagosomes then fuse with lysosomes to digest the enclosed contents. Autophagy is generally activated in cells to prevent cell death. However, cell death is triggered when the damage is beyond repair.
Autophagy and Apoptosis
Autophagy can activate apoptosis. In normal conditions, the autophagy activating protein Beclin-1 and pro-apoptotic...
Phagocytosis00:41

Phagocytosis

Cells pull particles inward and engulf them in spherical vesicles in an energy-requiring process called endocytosis. Phagocytosis (“cellular eating”) is one of three major types of endocytosis. Cells use phagocytosis to take in large objects—such as other cells (or their debris), bacteria, and even viruses.
Phagocytosis00:41

Phagocytosis

Cells pull particles inward and engulf them in spherical vesicles in an energy-requiring process called endocytosis. Phagocytosis ("cellular eating") is one of three major types of endocytosis. Cells use phagocytosis to take in large objects, such as other cells (or their debris), bacteria, and even viruses.
The objective of phagocytosis is often destruction. Cells use phagocytosis to eliminate unwelcome visitors, like pathogens (e.g., viruses and bacteria). Many immune system cells, including...
Phagocytosis of Apoptotic Cells01:17

Phagocytosis of Apoptotic Cells

Cells undergoing apoptosis form apoptotic bodies that must be removed immediately to prevent inflammation, autoimmune diseases, and necrosis. Phagocytosis is carried out by professional phagocytes such as macrophages or  immature dendritic cells. Non-professional phagocytes such as  epithelial cells and fibroblasts also take part in this process; however, they are not as effective as professional phagocytes. 
Normal cells contain receptors that prevent them from being recognized by phagocytes.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 7, 2026

Visualizing Mitophagy with Fluorescent Dyes for Mitochondria and Lysosome
07:56

Visualizing Mitophagy with Fluorescent Dyes for Mitochondria and Lysosome

Published on: November 30, 2022

Mitophagy.

Thomas MacVicar1

  • 1School of Biochemistry, Medical Sciences Building, University of Bristol, University Walk, Bristol BS8 1TD, U.K.

Essays in Biochemistry
|September 28, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Mitophagy is a cellular process that removes damaged mitochondria. This review covers recent advancements in understanding mitophagy mechanisms and regulation, crucial for preventing disease.

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Last Updated: May 7, 2026

Visualizing Mitophagy with Fluorescent Dyes for Mitochondria and Lysosome
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Detection of Mitophagy in Caenorhabditis elegans and Mammalian Cells Using Organelle-Specific Dyes
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Detection of Mitophagy in Caenorhabditis elegans and Mammalian Cells Using Organelle-Specific Dyes

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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Mitophagy is the selective removal of mitochondria via autophagy.
  • It is essential for mitochondrial quality control.
  • Dysfunctional mitophagy is linked to various human diseases, particularly affecting high-energy tissues.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in mitophagy mechanisms.
  • To discuss the regulation of mitophagy.
  • To highlight the role of mitophagy in human health and disease.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent studies on mitophagy.
  • Analysis of molecular pathways involved in mitophagy.
  • Discussion of regulatory networks controlling mitophagy.

Main Results:

  • Detailed overview of key proteins and pathways regulating mitophagy.
  • Insights into how mitophagy maintains mitochondrial homeostasis.
  • Connection between mitophagy defects and disease pathogenesis.

Conclusions:

  • Mitophagy is a critical cellular process for maintaining mitochondrial health.
  • Understanding mitophagy mechanisms offers therapeutic potential for related diseases.
  • Further research into mitophagy regulation is warranted.