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Zinc toxicity.

G J Fosmire1

  • 1Department of Nutrition, College of Health and Human Development, Penn State University, University Park 16802.

The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
|February 1, 1990
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Excessive zinc intake can lead to toxicity symptoms and copper deficiency, impacting immune function and cholesterol levels. Be aware of potential complications from zinc supplements.

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Area of Science:

  • Nutritional Science
  • Toxicology
  • Human Health

Background:

  • Zinc deficiency has long been recognized, but the effects of excessive zinc intake are a more recent focus.
  • Zinc is generally considered relatively non-toxic, especially when ingested orally.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the literature on the manifestations of zinc toxicity at various intake levels.
  • To inform individuals about potential adverse effects of zinc supplementation.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on zinc intake and toxicity.
  • Analysis of reported symptoms and biochemical changes associated with different zinc intake levels.

Main Results:

  • Extremely high zinc intakes can cause overt toxicity symptoms like nausea, vomiting, and fatigue.

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  • Intakes exceeding the Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) (100-300 mg/d) can induce copper deficiency, leading to anemia, neutropenia, impaired immune function, and altered LDL/HDL cholesterol ratios.
  • Even lower zinc supplementation levels may interfere with copper and iron utilization and negatively affect HDL cholesterol.

    • Conclusions:

    • While zinc is essential, excessive intake poses health risks.
    • Awareness of potential complications from zinc supplements is crucial for individuals.
    • Further research may be needed to fully elucidate the dose-dependent effects of zinc on human health.