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Hypothyroidism and iodine deficiency in an infant requiring total parenteral nutrition

Katherine Elizabeth Clarridge1, Erin E Conway2, John Bucuvalas3

  • 1Internal Medicine/Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati Medical Center/Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio Katherine.Clarridge@cchmc.org.

JPEN. Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition
|September 28, 2013
PubMed

Insights

Children on parenteral nutrition (PN) may face iodine deficiency, risking thyroid issues and neurodevelopmental problems. Current PN formulas and antiseptic changes heighten this concern for pediatric patients.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Endocrinology
  • Nutritional Science
  • Thyroid Disorders

Background:

  • Iodine deficiency is uncommon in the US but understudied in children receiving parenteral nutrition (PN).
  • Standard PN formulations may contain insufficient iodine.
  • Transitioning from iodine-based to chlorhexidine antiseptics reduces inadvertent iodine exposure.

Observation:

  • Children requiring PN are a vulnerable population for thyroid dysregulation.
  • Low iodine levels in PN could impact thyroid function.
  • Elimination of iodine-containing antiseptics further reduces iodine intake.

Findings:

  • The iodine status in pediatric patients on PN is largely unknown.
  • There is a potential risk of iodine deficiency in this specific pediatric group.
  • Thyroid dysregulation and neurodevelopmental sequelae are potential consequences.

Implications:

  • Clinical monitoring of iodine status in children on PN is crucial.
  • Revising PN formulations to include adequate iodine may be necessary.
  • Further research is needed to establish optimal iodine intake guidelines for pediatric PN patients.

Keywords:
minerals/trace elements nutritionparenteral nutritionpediatrics life cycle

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