Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 7, 2026
09:58
Fabrication of Ti3C2 MXene Microelectrode Arrays for In Vivo Neural Recording
Published on: February 12, 2020
Cation intercalation and high volumetric capacitance of two-dimensional titanium carbide
Maria R Lukatskaya1, Olha Mashtalir, Chang E Ren
1Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|September 28, 2013
Summary
Two-dimensional (2D) Ti3C2 MXene layers spontaneously intercalate various cations from aqueous solutions. This discovery enhances energy storage potential beyond lithium-ion technologies, offering high capacitance for multivalent ions.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Electrochemistry
- Nanotechnology
Background:
- Layered materials are crucial for energy storage devices like batteries and capacitors.
- Existing host materials are limited in accommodating ions larger than lithium.
- Two-dimensional (2D) Ti3C2 MXene offers a promising alternative due to its unique structure and surface properties.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the intercalation of various cations into 2D Ti3C2 MXene layers.
- To explore the potential of MXenes as host materials for energy storage beyond lithium-ion.
- To evaluate the electrochemical performance of MXenes with different ion types.
Main Methods:
- Demonstration of spontaneous cation intercalation into Ti3C2 MXene layers from aqueous salt solutions.
- Electrochemical intercalation of various cations including Na(+), K(+), NH4(+), Mg(2+), and Al(3+).
- Capacitance measurements to quantify energy storage performance.
Main Results:
- Successful spontaneous intercalation of diverse cations into 2D Ti3C2 MXene.
- Electrochemical intercalation achieved for single- and multivalent ions.
- Capacitance exceeding 300 F/cm³, significantly higher than porous carbons.
Conclusions:
- 2D Ti3C2 MXene is a versatile host material for a wide range of ions, including multivalent cations.
- MXenes offer superior electrochemical energy storage capabilities compared to traditional porous carbons.
- This research opens new avenues for developing advanced energy storage devices utilizing MXenes and related 2D materials.
Related Concept Videos
01:18Capacitor With A Dielectric
Parallel plate capacitors consist of two conducting plates separated by a certain distance. However, it is mechanically difficult to hold the large plates parallel to each other without actual contact. Hence, a dielectric layer is commonly placed between the plates, which provides an easy solution for holding the plates together with a small gap and increases the capacitance of the capacitor.
Dielectrics are non-conducting materials with no free or loosely bound electrons. When a dielectric is...
Dielectrics are non-conducting materials with no free or loosely bound electrons. When a dielectric is...
01:25MOS Capacitor
A Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor (MOS) capacitor is a fundamental structure used extensively in semiconductor device technology, particularly in the fabrication of integrated circuits and MOSFETs (metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors). The MOS capacitor consists of three layers: a metal gate, a dielectric oxide, and a semiconductor substrate.
The metal gate is typically made from highly conductive materials such as aluminum or polysilicon. Beneath the metal gate lies a thin layer of...
The metal gate is typically made from highly conductive materials such as aluminum or polysilicon. Beneath the metal gate lies a thin layer of...
01:19Equivalent Capacitance
From the study of resistive circuits, it is understood that employing a series-parallel combination serves as an effective strategy for simplifying circuits. Capacitors can be arranged within a circuit in one of two ways: a series configuration or a parallel configuration. The way these capacitors are connected to a battery will influence both the potential drop across each individual capacitor and the size of the charge that each capacitor can store. This is determined by the specific type of...
01:19Equivalent Capacitance
Multiple capacitors can be connected in a circuit in series or parallel configuration. When the capacitor combination is connected to a battery, the potential drop across each capacitor and the magnitude of charge stored in the individual capacitor depends on the type of the connection. The capacitor combination is replaced by a single equivalent capacitor that stores the same amount of charge as the combination for a given potential difference.
The following strategies are adopted to calculate...
The following strategies are adopted to calculate...
02:42Valence Bond Theory
Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...
02:46Crystal Field Theory - Tetrahedral and Square Planar Complexes
Tetrahedral Complexes
Crystal field theory (CFT) is applicable to molecules in geometries other than octahedral. In octahedral complexes, the lobes of the dx2−y2 and dz2 orbitals point directly at the ligands. For tetrahedral complexes, the d orbitals remain in place, but with only four ligands located between the axes. None of the orbitals points directly at the tetrahedral ligands. However, the dx2−y2 and dz2 orbitals (along the Cartesian axes) overlap with the ligands less than the dxy,...
Crystal field theory (CFT) is applicable to molecules in geometries other than octahedral. In octahedral complexes, the lobes of the dx2−y2 and dz2 orbitals point directly at the ligands. For tetrahedral complexes, the d orbitals remain in place, but with only four ligands located between the axes. None of the orbitals points directly at the tetrahedral ligands. However, the dx2−y2 and dz2 orbitals (along the Cartesian axes) overlap with the ligands less than the dxy,...