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Saccadic eye movement applications for psychiatric disorders.

Juliana Bittencourt¹, Bruna Velasques, Silmar Teixeira

¹Brain Mapping and Sensory Motor Integration Laboratory, Institute of Psychiatry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil ; Institute of Applied Neuroscience, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil ; Neurophysiology and Neuropsychology of Attention, Institute of Psychiatry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil ; Laboratory of Physical Therapy, Veiga de Almeida University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment

|September 28, 2013

Summary

Saccadic eye movement changes are linked to psychiatric disorders like depression and schizophrenia, suggesting they could be a diagnostic marker. Further research needs to refine experimental methods and incorporate electrophysiological measures.

Keywords:

anxiety disorder attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder bipolar disorder depression schizophrenia

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Psychiatry
Ophthalmology

Background:

Psychiatric disorders exhibit complex interactions with cognitive and motor systems.
Oculomotor performance, specifically saccadic eye movements, has been an area of interest in understanding neurological and psychiatric conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

To analyze the relationship between oculomotor performance and various psychopathological conditions.
To investigate saccadic eye movement alterations in depression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, ADHD, and anxiety disorders.

Main Methods:

A systematic review of scientific articles published between 1967 and 2013.
Searches were conducted across major databases: PubMed/Medline, ISI Web of Knowledge, Cochrane, and SciELO.

Main Results:

Saccadic eye movement alterations are significantly associated with psychiatric diseases.
Observed changes in eye movement tasks confirm the link between oculomotor function, cognitive, and motor systems in psychopathology.

Conclusions:

Alterations in saccadic eye movements may serve as potential biomarkers for certain psychiatric disorders.
There is a critical need for improved experimental designs and analytical methods, particularly incorporating electrophysiological measures beyond behavioral variables.