Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Position and Displacement01:31

Position and Displacement

The position of an object defines its location relative to a convenient frame of reference at any particular time. A frame of reference is an arbitrary set of axes from which the position and motion of an object are described. Earth is often used as a frame of reference, and we often describe the position of an object as it relates to stationary objects on Earth. For example, a rocket launch could be described in terms of the position of the rocket with respect to Earth as a whole. On the other...
Position and Displacement01:31

Position and Displacement

The position of an object defines its location relative to a convenient frame of reference at any particular time. A frame of reference is an arbitrary set of axes from which the position and motion of an object are described. Earth is often used as a frame of reference, and we often describe the position of an object as it relates to stationary objects on Earth. For example, a rocket launch could be described in terms of the position of the rocket with respect to Earth as a whole. On the other...
Upward Impending Motion01:21

Upward Impending Motion

A square-threaded screw jack is a mechanical device widely used for lifting heavy loads or applying considerable force. Its operation is based on converting the force applied at its handle into a torsional moment, causing the upward impending motion of the screw. This movement is accomplished by overcoming the static friction between the threads of the screw and the jack.
To better comprehend how a screw jack functions, consider the completely unraveled thread as a block in contact with the...
Active Transport01:14

Active Transport

Active transport is a critical biological process that allows cells to move solutes against an electrochemical gradient. This process requires direct energy input and is characterized by its selectivity, saturability, and susceptibility to competitive inhibition.
Primary active transporters, like Na+, K+ and -ATPase, directly utilize ATP to move ions across the membrane. These transporters play significant roles in various physiological processes. For instance, Na+, K+ and -ATPase maintain...
The Movement of Organelles and Vesicles01:43

The Movement of Organelles and Vesicles

In eukaryotic cells,  cytoskeletal filaments such as actin, microtubules, and intermediate filaments form a mesh-like cytoskeletal network. These filaments serve as tracks for transporting cellular cargo. Specialized motor proteins use the chemical energy stored in adenosine triphosphate (ATP) for this transport. During interphase, microtubules are polarized, with the plus-end towards the cell periphery and the minus-end towards the cell center. Two microtubule-associated motor proteins,...
Anatomical Movements00:51

Anatomical Movements

Anatomical movements refer to the various actions or motions that can be performed by the body's joints and muscles. These movements are described using specific terms to provide a standardized way of discussing and understanding the range of motion at different joints.
Here are some common anatomical movements:
Flexion and extension motions are in the sagittal (anterior–posterior) plane of motion. These movements take place at the shoulder, hip, elbow, knee, wrist, metacarpophalangeal,...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Prognostic evaluation of Nanog, Oct4, Sox2, PCNA, Ki67 and E-cadherin expression in gastric cancer.

Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England)·2014
Same author

Nanoscale charge localization induced by random orientations of organic molecules in hybrid perovskite CH3NH3PbI3.

Nano letters·2014
Same author

Immunological responses and protection in Chinese giant salamander Andrias davidianus immunized with inactivated iridovirus.

Veterinary microbiology·2014
Same author

Increased fermentation activity and persistent methanogenesis in a model aquifer system following source removal of an ethanol blend release.

Water research·2014
Same author

Assessment of bacterial and archaeal community structure in Swine wastewater treatment processes.

Microbial ecology·2014
Same author

Th17/Treg cells imbalance and GITRL profile in patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis.

International journal of molecular sciences·2014

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 7, 2026

Evaluation of Cancer Stem Cell Migration Using Compartmentalizing Microfluidic Devices and Live Cell Imaging
09:36

Evaluation of Cancer Stem Cell Migration Using Compartmentalizing Microfluidic Devices and Live Cell Imaging

Published on: December 23, 2011

On the move.

Robert A Forties1, Jie Ma, Michelle D Wang

  • 1is in the Department of Physics-Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics and the Howard Hughes Medical Institute , Cornell University , Ithaca , United States raf37@cornell.edu.

Elife
|September 28, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Single-molecule experiments reveal new insights into how RNA polymerase moves along DNA during transcription. These findings advance our understanding of gene expression mechanisms.

Keywords:
Brownian ratchetOptical tweezersRNA polymerase IIS. cerevisiaebacktrackingtranscription elongationtranslocation

More Related Videos

Characterizing the Composition of Molecular Motors on Moving Axonal Cargo Using "Cargo Mapping" Analysis
11:09

Characterizing the Composition of Molecular Motors on Moving Axonal Cargo Using "Cargo Mapping" Analysis

Published on: October 30, 2014

The "Motor" in Implicit Motor Sequence Learning: A Foot-stepping Serial Reaction Time Task
10:39

The "Motor" in Implicit Motor Sequence Learning: A Foot-stepping Serial Reaction Time Task

Published on: May 3, 2018

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 7, 2026

Evaluation of Cancer Stem Cell Migration Using Compartmentalizing Microfluidic Devices and Live Cell Imaging
09:36

Evaluation of Cancer Stem Cell Migration Using Compartmentalizing Microfluidic Devices and Live Cell Imaging

Published on: December 23, 2011

Characterizing the Composition of Molecular Motors on Moving Axonal Cargo Using "Cargo Mapping" Analysis
11:09

Characterizing the Composition of Molecular Motors on Moving Axonal Cargo Using "Cargo Mapping" Analysis

Published on: October 30, 2014

The "Motor" in Implicit Motor Sequence Learning: A Foot-stepping Serial Reaction Time Task
10:39

The "Motor" in Implicit Motor Sequence Learning: A Foot-stepping Serial Reaction Time Task

Published on: May 3, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • Transcription is a fundamental biological process involving RNA polymerase movement along DNA.
  • Understanding the precise mechanisms of this movement is crucial for comprehending gene regulation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the molecular mechanisms governing RNA polymerase translocation during transcription.
  • To provide novel insights into the dynamics of transcription at the single-molecule level.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized advanced single-molecule techniques to observe RNA polymerase-DNA interactions.
  • Employed biophysical methods to analyze the forces and dynamics involved in polymerase movement.

Main Results:

  • Identified key molecular interactions that facilitate or impede RNA polymerase progression.
  • Quantified the step size and pausing dynamics of RNA polymerase in real-time.
  • Revealed the role of specific DNA structures in modulating polymerase activity.

Conclusions:

  • Single-molecule approaches offer unprecedented resolution for studying transcription.
  • The elucidated mechanisms provide a deeper understanding of transcriptional fidelity and regulation.
  • These findings have implications for various biological processes and potential therapeutic targets.