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Related Concept Videos

Endocarditis II: Clinical Features of Infective Endocarditis01:25

Endocarditis II: Clinical Features of Infective Endocarditis

Endocarditis can present various clinical features depending on the causative organism and the patient's underlying health conditions. Initially, the clinical features of infective endocarditis develop gradually, presenting with nonspecific symptoms that can be easily mistaken for other illnesses.General SymptomsEarly symptoms of infective endocarditis are fever, chills, weakness, malaise, fatigue, and weight loss. These symptoms reflect the systemic nature of the infection and the body's...
Endocarditis I: Introduction01:25

Endocarditis I: Introduction

Introduction:Endocarditis is the infection of the endocardium, the inner lining of the heart and its valves. When the heart muscle is involved, the condition is termed myocarditis, while an infection of the outer lining is called pericarditis. Infective endocarditis (IE) primarily affects the endocardium, where pathogens adhere to the valves or lining, forming vegetation that can lead to severe complications. Infective endocarditis occurs when microorganisms, usually bacteria from other body...
Endocarditis III: Medical Management01:18

Endocarditis III: Medical Management

Infective endocarditis management involves a multifaceted approach encompassing infection prevention, lifestyle modifications, pharmacological therapy, and surgical management.Infection Prevention:Hand Hygiene: Thorough handwashing is crucial to prevent the spread of infection. Hand hygiene should be performed regularly, especially before and after using the restroom.Oral Hygiene: Good oral hygiene is essential. It includes brushing teeth immediately after waking up and before bed, flossing...
Endocarditis IV: Nursing Management01:29

Endocarditis IV: Nursing Management

Infective endocarditis (IE) is a chronic infection of the heart's endocardium, primarily affecting the heart valves. A detailed nursing assessment for a patient with IE involves collecting subjective and objective data to ensure an accurate diagnosis and timely intervention.Subjective DataThe nurse gathers information about the patient's symptoms and complaints during the subjective assessment. Patients with infective endocarditis often report non-specific symptoms that can mimic other...
Rheumatic Heart Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:22

Rheumatic Heart Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

The key clinical manifestations of Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) include several distinct cardiac symptoms.Carditis, a hallmark of acute rheumatic fever, involves inflammation of the heart's endocardium, myocardium, and pericardium. Chronic RHD often results from recurrent episodes of carditis. Its symptoms include the following:Murmurs are caused by valvular damage, especially to the mitral and aortic valves. Mitral stenosis or regurgitation is common, with characteristic heart murmurs...
Myocarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:27

Myocarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

Myocarditis is an inflammation of the heart muscle. The symptoms vary widely, encompassing asymptomatic presentations to severe, acute manifestations.Clinical PresentationAsymptomatic cases: In some instances, myocarditis may be asymptomatic, with the infection resolving without intervention. These cases often go undetected unless discovered incidentally through diagnostic imaging or tests conducted for other reasons.General Early Symptoms: Early symptoms of myocarditis are non-specific and can...

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Updated: May 7, 2026

An In Vitro Model of a Parallel-Plate Perfusion System to Study Bacterial Adherence to Graft Tissues
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An In Vitro Model of a Parallel-Plate Perfusion System to Study Bacterial Adherence to Graft Tissues

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Enterococcus faecalis infective endocarditis: focus on clinical aspects.

Anders Dahl1, Niels Eske Bruun

  • 1Gentofte University Hospital, Niels Andersens vej 65, 2900 Hellerup, Denmark.

Expert Review of Cardiovascular Therapy
|October 1, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Enterococcus faecalis infective endocarditis (IE) is a serious infection with rising antimicrobial resistance. Improved diagnostics and treatment strategies are crucial for better patient outcomes in this challenging disease.

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Experimental Endocarditis Model of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in Rat
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Last Updated: May 7, 2026

An In Vitro Model of a Parallel-Plate Perfusion System to Study Bacterial Adherence to Graft Tissues
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Experimental Endocarditis Model of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in Rat
07:46

Experimental Endocarditis Model of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in Rat

Published on: June 4, 2012

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Enterococcus faecalis infective endocarditis (IE) is an increasing global health concern.
  • Rising healthcare-associated infections and antimicrobial resistance complicate IE management.
  • Subacute presentation with non-specific symptoms like fever and malaise often delays diagnosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the diagnostic importance of echocardiography in E. faecalis IE.
  • To review current treatment recommendations for E. faecalis IE.
  • To emphasize the need for improved prevention, diagnosis, and treatment strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of current diagnostic and therapeutic guidelines for E. faecalis IE.
  • Analysis of clinical presentation and diagnostic modalities.
  • Evaluation of antimicrobial resistance patterns and treatment outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Echocardiography (transthoracic and transesophageal) is critical for diagnosing IE.
  • Current primary treatment involves ampicillin combined with gentamicin or ceftriaxone.
  • Significant rates of high-level gentamicin resistance and a 20% in-hospital mortality persist.

Conclusions:

  • E. faecalis IE remains a severe condition with substantial mortality.
  • Enhanced strategies for prevention, early diagnosis, and optimized treatment are essential.
  • Addressing antimicrobial resistance is key to improving patient prognosis.