Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Experiment Videos

Regulation of glucose-transporter function.

M A Kasanicki1, P F Pilch

  • 1Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, MA 02118.

Diabetes Care
|March 1, 1990
PubMed
Summary

Mammalian cells utilize various glucose transporter isoforms for essential glucose uptake. Muscle and fat cells uniquely employ a specific transporter, regulated by insulin, to manage blood glucose levels.

Related Concept Videos

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

The mass action hypothesis: formation of Glut4 storage vesicles, a tissue-specific, regulated exocytic compartment.

Acta physiologica (Oxford, England)·2008
Same author

Critical proliferation-independent window for basic fibroblast growth factor repression of myogenesis via the p42/p44 MAPK signaling pathway.

The Journal of biological chemistry·2001
Same author

Insulin-dependent phosphorylation of a 70-kDa protein in light microsomes from rat adipocytes.

Biochemical and biophysical research communications·2000
Same author

UCP-3 expression in skeletal muscle: effects of exercise, hypoxia, and AMP-activated protein kinase.

American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism·2000
Same author

Insulin activation of mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase and Akt is phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-dependent in rat adipocytes.

Biochemical and biophysical research communications·2000
Same author

Role of PPAR gamma in regulating adipocyte differentiation and insulin-responsive glucose uptake.

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences·2000

Area of Science:

  • Physiology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Glucose transport is crucial for mammalian cells, mediated by a diverse gene family with tissue-specific expression.
  • All cells require a basal level of glucose uptake, fulfilled by constitutively expressed transporter isoforms.
  • Environmental factors like nutrition can modulate the expression of these constitutive transporters.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the distinct mechanisms of glucose transport in different mammalian cell types.
  • To elucidate the role of specific glucose transporter isoforms in insulin-mediated glucose uptake.
  • To understand the regulation of glucose transport in the context of organismal glucose homeostasis.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of glucose transporter gene family expression patterns.
  • Comparative studies of glucose transport activity in various cell types (e.g., muscle, adipocytes, fibroblasts).
  • Investigation of intracellular trafficking and cell surface localization of glucose transporters in response to insulin.

Main Results:

  • Cells express at least one constitutive glucose transporter isoform for basal uptake.
  • A unique muscle-adipocyte glucose-transporter isoform is critical for insulin-stimulated glucose clearance.
  • Insulin target tissues exhibit specialized mechanisms for producing, sequestering, and translocating this isoform to the cell surface.
  • Fibroblastic cells show quantitatively and qualitatively different responses compared to insulin-sensitive tissues.

Conclusions:

  • Mammalian glucose transport involves a complex, tissue-specific multigene system.
  • Insulin-stimulated glucose transport in muscle and adipose tissue relies on a specialized, regulated pathway.
  • This specialized pathway is vital for maintaining organismal glucose homeostasis.

Related Experiment Videos