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Related Concept Videos

Cancer Prevention02:59

Cancer Prevention

Several factors can increase the risk of cancer in an individual. About 50% of cancer cases can be prevented by adopting a healthy lifestyle, regular exercise, eating healthy, and following a modest cancer prevention diet. Epidemiological studies have consistently shown that populations with vegetable and fruit-rich diets have reduced the incidence of cancer. On the other hand, populations who have a diet rich in animal fat, red meat, junk food, or high calories are predisposed to cancer.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 7, 2026

Endoscopic Bilateral Nipple-sparing Mastectomy via a Single Axillary Incision with Immediate Pre-pectoral Implant-based Breast Reconstruction
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Endoscopic Bilateral Nipple-sparing Mastectomy via a Single Axillary Incision with Immediate Pre-pectoral Implant-based Breast Reconstruction

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Who should not undergo breast conservation?

Matthijs V Nijenhuis1, Emiel J Th Rutgers

  • 1Department of Surgery, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

Breast (Edinburgh, Scotland)
|October 1, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Breast conservation offers comparable local control to mastectomy for operable breast cancer. Careful patient discussion and risk factor assessment are crucial for shared decision-making and optimal outcomes.

Keywords:
Breast conservation surgeryBreast conservation therapyLocal recurrenceMastectomy

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Surgical Oncology
  • Breast Cancer Treatment

Background:

  • Optimal local control is a key goal in breast cancer treatment, alongside regional control and reducing distant relapses.
  • Many patients prefer breast conservation for its potential for good cosmetic outcomes and limited side effects, provided local control is comparable to mastectomy.
  • Shared decision-making between patients and providers is essential for managing anxiety and improving satisfaction and recovery.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy and safety of breast conservation as a treatment option for operable breast cancer.
  • To identify factors influencing patient choice between breast conservation and ablative procedures.
  • To define risk factors associated with local relapse after breast conservation and guide clinical decision-making.

Main Methods:

  • Review of population-based and hospital-based studies on breast cancer treatment outcomes.
  • Analysis of risk factors for local relapse, including margin status, patient age, and radiotherapy.
  • Consideration of oncoplastic techniques and neoadjuvant chemotherapy for optimizing breast conservation.

Main Results:

  • Current breast conservation techniques achieve local relapse rates well below the accepted limit of 1% per year (around 2-3% at 5 years).
  • Key risk factors for local relapse include incomplete surgical margins, young age (<35 years), and عدم radiotherapy.
  • Certain factors like multifocal disease or lobular histology are not contraindications if complete margins and good cosmetic outcomes are achieved.

Conclusions:

  • Breast conservation is a safe and effective option for many operable breast cancer patients, offering comparable local control to mastectomy.
  • Individualized treatment decisions, informed by thorough discussion of risks and benefits, are paramount.
  • Oncoplastic surgery and neoadjuvant chemotherapy can expand the applicability of breast conservation, even in larger or more complex cases.