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Related Concept Videos

Stem Cell Therapy for Tissue Regeneration01:21

Stem Cell Therapy for Tissue Regeneration

Stem cell therapy is a method used in regenerative medicine to repair and restore function to damaged tissues and organs. Stem cells have the potential to proliferate and differentiate into various tissue types, making them ideal candidates for tissue regeneration. For example, hematopoietic stem cell transplants are commonly used in blood cancer treatment to replenish damaged bone marrow and restore healthy blood cells.
Types of Stem Cells used in Stem Cell Therapy
The two main cell types that...
iPS Cell Differentiation01:22

iPS Cell Differentiation

The ability of induced pluripotent stem cells or iPSCs to differentiate into most body cell types has stimulated repair and regenerative medicine research over the past few decades. iPSC-derived blood cells, hepatocytes, beta islet cells, cardiomyocytes, neurons, and other cell types can repair injuries or regenerate damaged tissue in diseases such as diabetes and neurodegenerative disorders.
Mesenchymal Stem Cells01:19

Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are adult stem cells that can differentiate into most connective tissue cell types, except for hematopoietic cells, depending upon the source of MSCs. For example, bone-marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSCs) can differentiate into osteocytes, hepatocytes, and pancreatic and neuronal cells. MSCs can be isolated from various sources such as bone marrow, placenta, adipose tissue, teeth, and Wharton’s jelly, a gelatinous substance in the umbilical cord. The ease of their access...
Stem Cell Culture01:17

Stem Cell Culture

Stem cell research aims to find ways to use stem cells to regenerate and repair cellular damage. Over time, most adult cells undergo the wear and tear of aging and lose their ability to divide and repair themselves. Stem cells do not display a particular morphology or function. Adult stem cells, which exist as a small subset of cells in most tissues, keep dividing and can differentiate into a number of specialized cells generally formed by that tissue. These cells enable the body to renew and...

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Two-photon Imaging of Cellular Dynamics in the Mouse Spinal Cord
10:44

Two-photon Imaging of Cellular Dynamics in the Mouse Spinal Cord

Published on: February 22, 2015

Cell-based reparative therapies for multiple sclerosis.

Tamir Ben-Hur1, Nina Fainstein, Yossi Nishri

  • 1Department of Neurology, The Agnes Ginges Center for Human Neurogenetics, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel, tamir@hadassah.org.il.

Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports
|October 1, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cell-based therapies show promise for multiple sclerosis by reducing inflammation and promoting repair. However, challenges remain in understanding how transplanted cells repair chronic lesions and overcoming inhibitory factors for clinical use.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory and neurodegenerative disease.
  • Current treatments focus on managing inflammation but not effectively repairing neural damage.
  • Cell-based therapies offer potential for neuroprotection, immunomodulation, and remyelination in MS.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the therapeutic potential of stem and precursor cells in multiple sclerosis.
  • To address knowledge gaps concerning endogenous repair induction in chronic MS lesions.
  • To identify key challenges in the clinical translation of cell-based therapies for MS.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on cell-based therapies for multiple sclerosis.
  • Analysis of the mechanisms by which neural and mesenchymal stem/precursor cells exert therapeutic effects.
  • Identification of barriers to clinical application, including cell type, delivery route, and patient selection.

Main Results:

  • Stem and precursor cells can reduce neuroinflammation and promote endogenous repair mechanisms.
  • These cells have the potential to remyelinate damaged axons if directed appropriately.
  • Significant obstacles exist in promoting repair within chronic MS lesions and overcoming inhibitory environmental factors.

Conclusions:

  • Cell-based therapy holds significant promise for treating multiple sclerosis by targeting inflammation and repair.
  • Further research is needed to optimize cell selection, delivery methods, and patient criteria for successful clinical translation.
  • Overcoming the inhibitory microenvironment in chronic lesions is critical for effective endogenous repair induction.