Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 7, 2026

An Inertial Measurement Unit Based Method to Estimate Hip and Knee Joint Kinematics in Team Sport Athletes on the Field
Published on: May 26, 2020
Microinstability and internal impingement in overhead athletes
Lauchlan Chambers1, David W Altchek
1Hospital for Special Surgery, 535 East 70th Street, New York, NY 10021, USA.
Abstract:
A complex interplay exists between the static and dynamic stabilizers in the glenohumeral joint, especially in overheard athletes who need a shoulder hypermobile enough to perform overhead activity yet stable enough to prevent joint subluxation. Concomitant shoulder pathologies commonly occur in the setting of microinstability and internal impingement. Before any surgical intervention, a 3- to 6-month course of conservative measures should first be attempted, with exercises focused on rotator cuff and scapular stabilizer strengthening combined with posterior capsule stretching. If surgery is needed, arthroscopic suture plication with treatment of concomitant lesions has been shown to provide the best clinical outcomes.
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