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Related Concept Videos

Accessory Structures of the Skin: Nails01:05

Accessory Structures of the Skin: Nails

Nails are one of the important accessory structures of the skin. They are hard, protective structures that cover the dorsal surface of the distal phalanges of fingers and toes. Nails are composed of specialized keratinized cells and serve various functions, including protection, sensation, and manual dexterity.
The main components of a nail include the following.
Nail Plate: The nail plate is the visible portion of the nail that extends beyond the fingertips or toes. It is a hard, translucent...
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Skin Diseases and Disorders

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Tumor progression is a phenomenon where the pre-formed tumor acquires successive mutations to become clinically more aggressive and malignant. In the 1950s, Foulds first described the stepwise progression of cancer cells through successive stages.
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Nail tumors.

Bertrand Richert1, Pauline Lecerf, Marie Caucanas

  • 1Department of Dermatology, University Hospitals Brugmann, St Pierre and Queen Fabiola's Children Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, CHU Saint Pierre, Rue Haute 322, 1000 Brussels, Belgium.

Clinics in Dermatology
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PubMed
Summary

Nail tumors, including unique ones like onychomatricoma, present distinct behaviors. This review covers common benign and malignant nail neoplasms, emphasizing squamous cell carcinoma and melanoma management.

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Oncology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Neoplasms of the nail apparatus exhibit unique clinical and biological characteristics distinct from cutaneous tumors.
  • Some nail tumors, such as onychomatricoma, are specific to this anatomical site.
  • Benign nail lesions typically preserve nail apparatus architecture, while malignant tumors cause destruction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review common benign and malignant neoplasms affecting the nail apparatus.
  • To highlight squamous cell carcinoma as a frequent and deceptive nail malignancy.
  • To discuss contemporary diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for nail apparatus melanoma.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of common nail tumors.
  • Analysis of clinical presentations, behavior, and management of nail neoplasms.
  • Discussion of diagnostic and treatment advancements for nail melanoma.

Main Results:

  • Nail tumors display varied clinical appearances and behaviors.
  • Squamous cell carcinoma is the most common nail malignancy and often mimics other conditions.
  • New diagnostic and treatment modalities for nail apparatus melanoma are emerging.

Conclusions:

  • Physicians must recognize the diverse presentations of nail neoplasms.
  • Accurate diagnosis and management are crucial for both benign and malignant nail tumors.
  • Awareness of new approaches improves patient outcomes for nail apparatus melanoma.