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Related Concept Videos

Stokes' Law01:20

Stokes' Law

Viscous forces, like friction, are intermolecular forces that resist the relative motion of molecules over each other. When a solid body moves through a liquid, viscous forces drag it in the opposite direction. The force's magnitude depends on the solid's shape and size, as well as its speed and the liquid's coefficient of viscosity, density and temperature.
The expression for the force on a solid spherical object in a fluid is called Stokes' law. Stokes' law is valid only for low Reynolds...
Total Internal Reflection Fluorescence Microscopy01:05

Total Internal Reflection Fluorescence Microscopy

Total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy or TIRF is an advanced microscopic technique used to visualize fluorophores in samples close to a solid surface with a higher refractive index, such as a glass coverslip. TIRF only allows fluorophores in proximity to the solid surface to be excited. When light from a medium with a lower refractive index (such as air) hits the glass coverslip at a critical angle, the light undergoes total internal reflection stead of passing through the glass.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 7, 2026

Differential Imaging of Biological Structures with Doubly-resonant Coherent Anti-stokes Raman Scattering (CARS)
12:56

Differential Imaging of Biological Structures with Doubly-resonant Coherent Anti-stokes Raman Scattering (CARS)

Published on: October 17, 2010

Triple Wollaston-prism complete-Stokes imaging polarimeter.

John D Perreault

    Optics Letters
    |October 2, 2013
    PubMed
    Summary

    This study introduces a novel imaging polarimeter design for remote sensing. The compact, no-moving-parts instrument simultaneously measures all polarization states, enhancing material property detection.

    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Remote Sensing
    • Materials Science
    • Instrumentation

    Background:

    • Imaging polarimetry offers valuable insights into material properties by analyzing light polarization.
    • Existing polarimetry techniques face challenges with moving platforms and limited polarization state characterization.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To present a novel, compact imaging polarimeter design.
    • To demonstrate its capability for simultaneous characterization of unpolarized, linear, and circular polarization components.
    • To enable advanced remote sensing for material property analysis.

    Main Methods:

    • A compact imaging polarimeter design utilizing three Wollaston prisms.
    • Separation of polarization components in the pupil plane, avoiding moving elements.

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    High-speed Continuous-wave Stimulated Brillouin Scattering Spectrometer for Material Analysis
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    High-speed Continuous-wave Stimulated Brillouin Scattering Spectrometer for Material Analysis

    Published on: September 22, 2017

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    Last Updated: May 7, 2026

    Differential Imaging of Biological Structures with Doubly-resonant Coherent Anti-stokes Raman Scattering (CARS)
    12:56

    Differential Imaging of Biological Structures with Doubly-resonant Coherent Anti-stokes Raman Scattering (CARS)

    Published on: October 17, 2010

    High-speed Continuous-wave Stimulated Brillouin Scattering Spectrometer for Material Analysis
    07:55

    High-speed Continuous-wave Stimulated Brillouin Scattering Spectrometer for Material Analysis

    Published on: September 22, 2017

  • Development and testing of a visible-wavelength prototype.
  • Main Results:

    • The prototype successfully demonstrated remote sensitivity to material properties.
    • The design enables simultaneous measurement of all optical polarization states.
    • The instrument is compact and suitable for moving remote-sensing platforms.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed imaging polarimeter offers a viable design for enhanced remote sensing.
    • This technology has broad applications across space science, Earth science, and industry.
    • Future extensions into infrared wavelengths are feasible.