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[Clinically isolated syndrome]
M Platten1, T Lanz, M Bendszus
1Abteilung Neuroonkologie, Neurologische Klinik, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, INF 400, 69120, Heidelberg, Deutschland, michael.platten@med.uni-heidelberg.de.
Der Nervenarzt
|October 2, 2013
Summary
Clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) is an early stage of multiple sclerosis (MS), not a separate disease. Recent studies and guidelines inform its diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment, including radiologically isolated syndrome (RIS).
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Neuroimmunology
- Clinical Medicine
Context:
- Clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) represents the initial presentation suggestive of multiple sclerosis (MS).
- Current diagnostic criteria and therapeutic strategies for CIS require critical evaluation.
- Radiologically isolated syndrome (RIS) signifies a preclinical stage of MS.
Purpose:
- To critically review recent studies and current guidelines concerning CIS management.
- To discuss diagnostic work-up, differential diagnoses, and prognostic factors for CIS.
- To provide recommendations for managing both CIS and RIS.
Summary:
- This review advocates for defining CIS as an MS stage, not a distinct disease.
- It examines key considerations in diagnosing and managing CIS, including prognostic indicators and immunomodulatory therapy initiation.
- Recommendations for managing RIS, an imaging-based preclinical MS diagnosis, are also presented.
Impact:
- Offers updated insights into the definition and staging of MS.
- Provides a critical analysis of current diagnostic and therapeutic guidelines for early MS detection.
- Aims to improve patient management strategies for CIS and RIS, potentially altering disease course.
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