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Related Concept Videos

Multiple Sclerosis l: Introduction01:19

Multiple Sclerosis l: Introduction

Multiple sclerosis is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that affects the brain, spinal cord, and optic nerves. It is an inflammatory demyelinating disorder and a leading cause of neurological disability in young adults.EpidemiologyMS commonly begins between 20 and 40 years of age and is twice as common in women. Its exact cause remains unclear, but genetic susceptibility contributes, with higher risk in first-degree relatives and identical twins. A greater...
Satellite Stem Cells and Muscular Dystrophy01:21

Satellite Stem Cells and Muscular Dystrophy

Satellite stem cells or myosatellite cells are quiescent stem cells that Alexander Mauro first identified in 1961. These cells are located between the sarcolemma, the plasma membrane of muscle fibers, and the basal lamina, the connective tissue sheath covering it. These mononucleated cells are activated in response to muscle injury, can transform into myoblasts, and may form or repair muscle fibers. Myosatellite cells can provide additional myonuclei for muscle regeneration or return to a...
Cystic Fibrosis: Pathogenesis01:23

Cystic Fibrosis: Pathogenesis

Cystic fibrosis (CF), an autosomal recessive disorder, significantly affects the function of exocrine glands. This genetically inherited disease is characterized by the production of thick and sticky mucus, which can severely affect various organs and systems in the body.
CF is primarily caused by a genetic mutation in a chromosome 7 gene coding for the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein. The most common gene mutation leading to CF is the ΔF508 mutation, but...
Disorders of the Skeletal Muscle01:28

Disorders of the Skeletal Muscle

The clinical conditions affecting the skeletal muscle tissue are broadly categorized as musculoskeletal and neuromuscular disorders.
Musculoskeletal disorders
Musculoskeletal disorders involve injuries and conditions affecting the skeletal muscles and associated connective tissues. These disorders can arise from acute biomechanical stresses or chronic overuse and can occur across different age groups. Common injuries include sprains, fractures, and muscular strains, often resulting from...
Myasthenia Gravis ll: Pathophysiology01:22

Myasthenia Gravis ll: Pathophysiology

The disease process of myasthenia gravis begins at the neuromuscular junction, where antibodies attack key proteins needed for muscle activation. This immune reaction weakens signal transmission, leading to the characteristic muscle fatigue and weakness that define the condition.Immune-Mediated DamageIn most individuals, antibodies target acetylcholine receptors (AChRs) on the postsynaptic membrane of muscle cells. By blocking acetylcholine binding, these antibodies prevent the nerve signal...
Autoimmune Disorders01:29

Autoimmune Disorders

Autoimmune diseases are a group of disorders in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own cells, tissues, and organs. This results from an overactive immune response against substances and tissues normally present in the body. Let's delve into the concept and mechanism of autoimmune diseases from an immune system point of view, explore different causes and examples of such diseases, and discuss potential solutions.
Concept and Mechanism of Autoimmune Diseases
The immune system...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 7, 2026

Imaging Features of Systemic Sclerosis-Associated Interstitial Lung Disease
04:44

Imaging Features of Systemic Sclerosis-Associated Interstitial Lung Disease

Published on: June 16, 2020

Progressive systemic sclerosis in a child.

Arun K De1, Kallol Das, Archan Sil

  • 1Department of Pediatric Medicine, Medical College, Kolkata, India.

Indian Journal of Dermatology
|October 2, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Systemic sclerosis is rare in children. This case study details an 11-year-old girl with progressive systemic sclerosis, highlighting its varied symptoms in pediatric patients.

Keywords:
MicrostomiaRaynaud's phenomenonprogressive systemic sclerosispulmonary fibrosissclerodactyly

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 7, 2026

Imaging Features of Systemic Sclerosis-Associated Interstitial Lung Disease
04:44

Imaging Features of Systemic Sclerosis-Associated Interstitial Lung Disease

Published on: June 16, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Rheumatology
  • Pediatrics
  • Dermatology

Background:

  • Systemic sclerosis is a rare, heterogeneous autoimmune disease affecting connective tissues.
  • Pediatric cases of systemic sclerosis are uncommon, representing less than 10% of all diagnoses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a rare case of progressive systemic sclerosis in an 11-year-old girl.
  • To illustrate the diverse clinical manifestations of pediatric systemic sclerosis.

Main Methods:

  • Case report of an 11-year-old female patient.
  • Clinical assessment and documentation of presenting symptoms.

Main Results:

  • The patient presented with cutaneous sclerosis, microstomia, mask-like facies, sclerodactyly, esophageal dysmotility, Raynaud's phenomenon, arthralgia, and pulmonary fibrosis.
  • The case exemplifies the multi-system involvement characteristic of progressive systemic sclerosis.

Conclusions:

  • Systemic sclerosis, though rare, can present with significant multi-system involvement in children.
  • Early recognition and comprehensive management are crucial for pediatric patients diagnosed with systemic sclerosis.