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Published on: June 2, 2020

Extracellular matrix components in peripheral nerve regeneration.

Francisco Gonzalez-Perez1, Esther Udina, Xavier Navarro

  • 1Institute of Neurosciences and Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Bellaterra, Spain.

International Review of Neurobiology
|October 3, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Peripheral nerve regeneration relies on the extracellular matrix (ECM) for axonal growth. This review explores how ECM molecules and engineered nerve guides promote nerve repair and functional recovery after injury.

Keywords:
Artificial nerve graftCollagenExtracellular matrixFibronectinLamininNerve regenerationTissue engineering

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Dorsal Root Ganglia Neurons and Differentiated Adipose-derived Stem Cells: An In Vitro Co-culture Model to Study Peripheral Nerve Regeneration

Published on: February 26, 2015

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Biomaterials Science
  • Regenerative Medicine

Background:

  • Peripheral nerve injuries often result in poor functional recovery despite the intrinsic regenerative capacity of axons.
  • Schwann cells, trophic factors, and extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules are crucial for creating a supportive environment for axonal regeneration.
  • The distal nerve stump's ECM, including collagen, laminin, and fibronectin, plays a vital role in guiding regenerating axons.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of extracellular matrix (ECM) components in peripheral nerve axonal regeneration.
  • To discuss the application of ECM molecules as guidance cues in artificial nerve guides.
  • To explore advancements in tissue engineering for creating artificial nerve grafts.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on the tropic role of ECM components in axonal regeneration.
  • Analysis of current strategies using natural and synthetic materials for artificial nerve guides.
  • Examination of tissue engineering approaches for nerve regeneration.

Main Results:

  • ECM molecules provide essential tropic support and guidance cues for regenerating axons.
  • Artificial nerve guides incorporating ECM components aim to mimic the natural regenerative environment.
  • Both natural ECM-based scaffolds and novel synthetic polymers/hydrogels show promise for nerve repair.

Conclusions:

  • The extracellular matrix is a critical factor in promoting peripheral nerve regeneration and functional recovery.
  • Engineered nerve guides utilizing ECM molecules offer a promising strategy to enhance axonal guidance and regeneration over long nerve gaps.
  • Advancements in tissue engineering are paving the way for composite artificial nerve grafts as alternatives to autografts.