Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

McNemar's Test01:23

McNemar's Test

McNemar's Test is a nonparametric statistical test used to determine if there is a significant difference in proportions between two related groups when the outcome is binary (e.g., yes/no, success/failure). It is beneficial when we have paired data, such as pre-test/post-test designs, where the same subjects are measured under two different conditions. The test is named after the statistician Quinn McNemar, who introduced it in 1947. It is commonly used in situations where subjects are...
Multiple Comparison Tests01:13

Multiple Comparison Tests

Multiple comparison test, abbreviated as MCT, is a post hoc analysis generally performed after comparing multiple samples with one or more tests. An MCT will help identify a significantly different sample among multiple samples or a factor among multiple factors.
It would be easy to compare two samples using a significance alpha level of 0.05. In other words, there is only one sample pair to be compared. However, it would be difficult to identify a significantly different sample if the number...
Sign Test for Matched Pairs01:17

Sign Test for Matched Pairs

The sign test for matched pairs offers a robust method for comparing two paired samples, often for the effects of an intervention in one of them. This method is very useful in situations where the underlying distribution of the data is unknown. The test compares two related samples—often pre- and post-treatment measurements on the same subjects—to determine if there are significant differences in their median values.
To conduct the sign test, we first calculate the differences in value between...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Five-Year Outcomes for Patients With RVOT Dysfunction Treated With the SAPIEN 3 Transcatheter Heart Valve: A Pooled Analysis From the COMPASSION S3 Trial.

Circulation. Cardiovascular interventions·2026
Same author

Environment-sensitive motion modelling in healthcare with synthetic retargeting.

Digital health·2026
Same author

Changing standard of care during a randomized trial: examples, considerations and guidelines.

Journal of the National Cancer Institute·2026
Same author

Molecular Profiling for Precision Oncology: Moving Beyond Feasibility and Safety.

Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology·2026
Same author

A note on rank-preserving structural failure time models to account for crossover.

Clinical trials (London, England)·2026
Same author

Overall side-effect bother consistently associated with early treatment discontinuation due to adverse events in four clinical trials with various cancer types and treatments.

Cancer·2025
Same journal

A statistical evaluation of decision-making methods and the efficiency of Bayesian multi-arm multi-stage trials.

Clinical trials (London, England)·2026
Same journal

Accounting for non-adherence: A re-analysis of the Liraglutide Effect and Action in Diabetes: Evaluation of Cardiovascular Outcome Results trial.

Clinical trials (London, England)·2026
Same journal

Phase I design for partially ordered groups with late-onset toxicity.

Clinical trials (London, England)·2026
Same journal

Trial informed consent forms, the Declaration of Helsinki and the SPIRIT 2025 statement.

Clinical trials (London, England)·2026
Same journal

17th Annual University of Pennsylvania Conference on statistical issues in clinical trials - Covariate adjustment in randomized clinical trials: New methods and applications (Morning panel discussion).

Clinical trials (London, England)·2026
Same journal

17th Annual University of Pennsylvania Conference on statistical issues in clinical trials - Covariate adjustment in randomized clinical trials: New methods and applications (Afternoon panel discussion).

Clinical trials (London, England)·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 7, 2026

Barnes Maze Testing Strategies with Small and Large Rodent Models
12:59

Barnes Maze Testing Strategies with Small and Large Rodent Models

Published on: February 26, 2014

Marker Sequential Test (MaST) design.

Boris Freidlin1, Edward L Korn, Robert Gray

  • 1aBiometric Research Branch, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA.

Clinical Trials (London, England)
|October 3, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The Marker Sequential Test (MaST) design enhances clinical trial power for targeted cancer therapies by allowing sequential testing in biomarker subgroups. This new design improves efficiency when treatment benefits patients with or without the biomarker.

More Related Videos

The Double-H Maze: A Robust Behavioral Test for Learning and Memory in Rodents
09:01

The Double-H Maze: A Robust Behavioral Test for Learning and Memory in Rodents

Published on: July 8, 2015

A Behavioral Test Battery for the Repeated Assessment of Motor Skills, Mood, and Cognition in Mice
07:18

A Behavioral Test Battery for the Repeated Assessment of Motor Skills, Mood, and Cognition in Mice

Published on: March 2, 2019

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 7, 2026

Barnes Maze Testing Strategies with Small and Large Rodent Models
12:59

Barnes Maze Testing Strategies with Small and Large Rodent Models

Published on: February 26, 2014

The Double-H Maze: A Robust Behavioral Test for Learning and Memory in Rodents
09:01

The Double-H Maze: A Robust Behavioral Test for Learning and Memory in Rodents

Published on: July 8, 2015

A Behavioral Test Battery for the Repeated Assessment of Motor Skills, Mood, and Cognition in Mice
07:18

A Behavioral Test Battery for the Repeated Assessment of Motor Skills, Mood, and Cognition in Mice

Published on: March 2, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Clinical Trials
  • Biostatistics
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Targeted anticancer therapies benefit only a subset of patients.
  • Phase III trials need to evaluate both treatment efficacy and biomarker predictability.
  • Biomarkers identify patient subsets sensitive to novel therapies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Propose the Marker Sequential Test (MaST) design for integrated biomarker trials.
  • Enable sequential testing of treatment effects in biomarker subgroups and the overall population.
  • Control type I error rates for biomarker-positive and biomarker-negative subgroups.

Main Methods:

  • Define testing and error framework for integrated biomarker designs.
  • Present the general form of the MaST design.
  • Compare MaST operating characteristics to sequential subgroup-specific designs via simulations and analytical methods.

Main Results:

  • MaST design shows higher power than sequential subgroup-specific designs when treatment effects are homogeneous.
  • MaST preserves power when treatment benefit is limited to the biomarker-positive subgroup.
  • Example: 30% biomarker-positive prevalence yields up to 30% power increase with MaST for equally benefiting patients.

Conclusions:

  • The MaST design is suitable when treatment is assumed ineffective in biomarker-negative patients without biomarker-positive efficacy.
  • MaST offers a valuable alternative to sequential subgroup-specific designs for evaluating biomarker subgroups.